Figure 4.

TDB triggers pro‐inflammatory activation of GM‐CSF BMMs, but not M‐CSF/IL‐4 BMMs. Cytokine production by TDB stimulated GM‐CSF and M‐CSF/IL‐4 BMMs from (A) C57BL/6 and (B) Mincle^−/− bone marrow. BMMs were treated with 40 or 100 µg/mL TDB, or 100 ng/mL LPS as positive control. Levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNFα were measured by the ELISA from supernatant at 48 h. Mean ± SEM of triplicate samples from at least three experiment performed are shown. **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.005; ****P ≤ 0.001 (2‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test).