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. 2017 Jun 16;5(4):435–447. doi: 10.1002/iid3.181

Figure 1.

Figure 1

FoxP3‐ and IL‐10‐levels affected by E. multilocularis infection, and association between FoxP3 and metabolites, parasite load development in E. multilocularis‐infected mice. (A) Frequency of FoxP3+ T cells within CD4+ T cells in PECs and spleen cells from AE‐WT and Control‐WT mice at 1 month and 4 months post‐infection. (B) Representative images of FoxP3+ T cells within CD4+ T cells in PECs from both AE‐WT and Control‐WT mice at 4 months post‐infection. (C) Frequency of IL‐10+ T cells within CD4+ T cells in PECs and spleen cells from AE‐WT and Control‐WT mice at 1 month and 4 months post‐infection. (D) Representative images of IL‐10+ T cells within CD4+ T cells in PECs from both AE‐WT and Control‐WT mice at 4 months post‐infection. Comparison between groups was performed using a one‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparison post‐test for statistical analysis. *p < 0.006 (E) foxp3 gene expression in spleen cells from AE‐WT and Control‐WT mice, co‐cultured with 2, 10, 50 µg/mL E. multilocularivesicle fluid (VF) (measured by qRT‐PCR). The same cell reactions performed without VF were used as non‐stimulated controls. *p < 0.05. AU: arbitrary units. (F) Parasite load in AE‐DEREG DT‐ and AE‐DEREG DT+ mice assessed by wet weight measurement at 1 month and 4 months post‐ infection. DT application with 110 ng/injection/mouse started 1 day before infection and was maintained for 4 months (three times/week). (G) Parasite load in AE‐DEREG DT‐ and AE‐DEREG DT+ mice assessed by wet weight measurement at 1 month and 4 months post‐ infection. DT application with 110 ng/injection/mouse (three times/week) started 1 day before infection and was maintained for 1 month. Data represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments of a total of 8–10 mice in each group (4–5 mice per group in each independent experiment). Comparison between groups was performed using a one‐way ANOVA for statistical analysis. *p < 0.05. “DEREG DT‐,” foxp3 inducible knock‐down mice (DEREG mice) without DT application; “DEREG DT+,” DEREG mice with DT application; “AE‐ DEREG DT‐,” E. multilocularis‐infected DEREG without DT application; “AE‐ DEREG DT+,” E. multilocularis‐infected DEREG mice with DT application. “Control,” non‐infected mice; “1 m,” 1‐month p.i.; “4 m,” 4 months p.i. “PEC,” peritoneal exudate cells; “Spleen,” spleen cells.