Table 2. Overview of the currently available long-acting growth hormone preparations.
| Formulation | Product | Structure | Frequency of
administration |
Current status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depot | LB03002 | Microparticles containing GH
incorporated into sodium hyaluronate and dispersed in an oil base of medium-chain triglycerides |
Every week | Approved in Europe
Approved in Korea for children with GHD |
| Pegylated | CP016 | Nasal spray formulation | Every 2 weeks (planned) | Preclinical studies |
| Pegylated | BBT-031 | Site-specific pegylated GH analog | Every week (planned) | Preclinical studies |
| Pegylated | Jintrolong | 40-kDa polyethylene glycol attached
to GH |
Every week | Approved in China only
for children with GHD |
| Prodrug | TransCon (ACP-001) | Unmodified GH transiently linked to a
carrier molecule |
Every week | Phase 2 studies in
children and adults |
| Prodrug | NNC0195-0092 | Single-point mutation in GH molecule
with albumin binding moiety attached |
Every week | Phase 2 studies in
children and phase 3 in adults |
| GH fusion protein | ProFuse GH | GH-binding protein | Every month (planned) | Preclinical studies |
| GH fusion protein | GX-H9 | Hybridization of non-cytolytic
immunoglobulin Fc portion of IgD and IgG4 |
Every week or two
weeks |
Phase 2 studies in adults |
| GH fusion protein | LAPSrhGH/HM10560A | Homodimeric aglycosylated IgG4
Fc fragment |
Every week or two
weeks |
Phase 2 studies in adults |
| GH fusion protein | MOD-4023 | Carboxyl-terminal peptide of hCG beta-
subunit |
Every week | Phase 2 studies in
children and phase 3 in adults |
| GH fusion protein | VRS-317 | rhGH plus long chains of natural
hydrophilic amino acids (XTEN sequence) |
Every week or two
weeks |
Phase 3 studies in
children and phase 2 in adults |
GH, growth hormone; GHD, growth hormone deficiency.