Table 1.
Quality of intervention studies meeting EPOC methodological criteria (Low, High, Unclear)
| Author, Date, | Study type | Allocation sequence adequately generated? | Concealment of allocation | Baseline outcome measurement similar | Baseline characteristics similar | Incomplete outcome data adequately addressed | Knowledge of allocated interventions prevented | Protections against contamination | Selective outcome reporting | Free other risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au 2015 [36] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Au 2014 [37] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | L | L | L | H |
| Beauchamp (2005) [23] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | U | L | L | L |
| Blom (2015) [28] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Brennan (1995) [27] | RCT | U | U | L | U | L | U | L | L | L |
| Chang 1999 [44] | RCT | U | U | L | L | H | H | H | L | L |
| Connell 2009 [45] | RCT | H | U | L | L | H | U | U | L | H |
| Cristancho 2015 [30] | RCT | L | U | L | L | L | H | L | L | H |
| Czaja 2013 [53] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Davis 2011 [35] | RCT | U | U | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Esierdorfer 2003 [49] | RCT | U | U | L | U | L | U | L | L | L |
| Finkel 2007 [50] | RCT | U | U | L | L | H | L | L | L | H |
| Glueckauf 2007 [41] | RCT | U | U | U | U | H | H | L | L | L |
| Goodman 1990 [40] | RCT | U | U | U | L | H | H | U | L | L |
| Hicken 2016 [55] | RCT | U | U | H | U | L | U | U | L | H |
| Lai 2013 [22] | RCT | U | U | U | H | L | U | U | H | H |
| Mahoney 2001, 2003 [51, 52] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | H |
| Martindale 2013 [39] | RCT | U | U | L | H | L | U | L | L | L |
| Marziali 2006 [47] | RCT | U | U | L | L | H | H | L | H | L |
| Marziali 2011 [48] | NRCT | H | H | L | U | L | U | U | L | L |
| Nunez 2016 [31] | RCT | L | U | L | H | U | U | L | L | L |
| Pagan-Ortiz 2014 [29] | NRCT | H | H | U | U | U | U | U | L | H |
| Steffen 2016 [54] | RCT | L | U | L | L | L | U | L | L | L |
| Torkamani 2014 [26] | RCT | U | U | L | L | H | U | L | L | L |
| Tremont 2008 [32] | RCT | L | U | L | L | H | L | L | L | L |
| Tremont 2015 [46] | RCT | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| van de Roest 2010 [24] | NRCT | H | H | L | H | L | H | L | L | H |
| Van Mierlo 2012 [38] | NRCT | H | H | L | L | U | H | H | L | L |
| Van Mierlo 2015 [25] | CRCT | L | L | L | H | L | U | L | L | L |
| Wilz 2011 [42] | RCT | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | H | L |
| Wilz 2016 [43] | RCT | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | H | L |
| Winter 2007 [24] | RCT | U | U | L | H | U | U | U | L | L |
| Wray 2010 [34] | RCT | U | U | L | L | L | U | L | L | L |