Table 1.
Macular carotenoid concentration of the commercially available supplements analysed.
| Supplement Name | Type | Batch Number | Expiry | Time to Expiry at Time of Testing (Months) | Macular Carotenoid (mg/Capsule) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Declared | Measured ± SD | |||||
| MacuSafe | 1 | 12603 | June 2019 | 28 | L→10 | 1.92 ± 0.09 |
| Z→2 | 1.14 ± 0.02 | |||||
| MZ→12 | 9.66 ± 0.28 | |||||
| Eye Vitality Plus | 1 | 13577 | August 2019 | 31 | L→15 | 4.35 ± 0.42 |
| Z→2 | 1.46 ± 0.06 | |||||
| MZ→10 | 8.32 ± 0.59 | |||||
| Vision Alive | 1 | 424951 | June 2018 | 14 | L→10 | 7.38 ± 0.27 |
| Z→nc | 1.24 ± 0.02 | |||||
| MZ→nc | 1.58 ± 0.04 | |||||
| MacuSave | 2 | 3001777 | August 2019 | 35 | L→10 | 11.01 ± 0.13 |
| Z→2 | 3.23 ± 0.02 | |||||
| MZ→10 | 9.67 ± 0.11 | |||||
| Doctors Best | 2 | 16052523A | December 2019 | 32 | L→20 | 21.33 ± 1.39 |
| Z→2 | 2.35 ± 0.30 | |||||
| MZ→1 | 3.19 ± 0.19 | |||||
| Lutigold Extra | 2 | 462536-02 | August 2019 | 27 | L→20 | 19.65 ± 1.02 |
| Z→nq | 2.14 ± 0.15 | |||||
| MZ→nq | 3.05 ± 0.11 | |||||
| MacuHealth | 2 | C1600284 | September 2019 | 25 | L→10 | 11.32 ± 0.06 |
| Z→2 | 2.72 ± 0.18 | |||||
| MZ→10 | 12.60 ± 0.26 | |||||
| MacuShield | 2 | 120480 | March 2017 | 4 | L→10 | 12.24 ± 0.41 |
| Z→2 | 11.98 ± 0.43 | |||||
| MZ→10 | 13.21 ± 0.48 | |||||
| Maxivision * | 3 | 33690818 | None | No expiry date on product | L→10 | 10.82 |
| Z→2 | 3.68 | |||||
| MZ→10 | 11.19 | |||||
1 = powder filled capsule 2 = oil filled soft gel gelatin capsule 3 = powder filled beadlet formulation. nc = not claimed on product label n/a = not applicable nq = not quantified on label * Supplement extraction method 2: Beadlet analysis (n = 1). The oil filled soft gel capsules analysed included: MacuSave (Zeon healthcare Ltd., Oxfordshire, UK), Doctor’s Best (Doctor’s Best Inc., San Clemente, CA, USA), Lutigold Extra (Puritans Pride Inc., Oakdale, NY, USA), MacuHealth LMZ3 (MacuHealth, Birmingham, MI, USA), and MacuShield (Alliance Pharma PLC, Wiltshire, UK). The powder filled capsules analysed included: MacuSafe (OcuSci, Del Mar, CA, USA), Eye Vitality Plus (Green Valley Hyperion LLC, Lexington, VA, USA) and Vision Alive (Holistic Labs Ltd., Hollywood, FL, USA). The beadlet formulation analysed was: MaxiVision (MedOp Health Inc., Oldsmar, FL, USA). One capsule of MaxiVision was analysed; the rest of the supplements were analysed in triplicate.