Table 1.

Quinolones purchased by the US Medicaid program from 1991 to 2015

Therapeutic class	Brand name	Generic name	FDA approval date	Manufacturer	Patent expiration
First generation	NegGram	Nalidixic acid	1967	Winthrop Laboratories	NA
	Cinobac	Cinoxacin	13 Jun 1980	Eli Lilly	NA
Second generation	Noroxin	Norfloxacin	31 Oct 1986	Merck	NA
	Cipro	Ciprofloxacin	22 Oct 1987	Bayer HealthCare	26 Sep 2003
	Floxin	Ofloxacin	28 Dec 1990	Janssen Pharmaceuticals	16 Jan 2002
	Penetrex	Enoxacin	31 Dec 1991	Sanofi Aventis US	NA
	Maxaquin	Lomefloxacin	21 Feb 1992	Pharmacia	NA
Third generation	Omniflox	Temafloxacin	31 Jan 1992	Abbott Laboratories	NA
	Levaquin	Levofloxacin	20 Dec 1996	Janssen Pharmaceuticals	20 Jun 2011
	Zagam	Sparfloxacin	19 Dec 1996	Mylan	NA
	Avelox	Moxifloxacin	10 Dec 1999	Bayer AG	27 Jun 2012
	Zymar	Gatifloxacin	28 Mar 2003	Allergan	19 Aug 2011
Fourth generation	Trovan	Trovafloxacin	18 Dec 1997	Pfizer	NA
	Factive	Gemifloxacin	4 Apr 2003	LG Life Sciences	4 Apr 2017
	Besivance	Besifloxacin	28 May 2009	Bausch and Lomb	NA

Source: Food and Drug Administration [12]

NA not applicable