Table 2.
Percentage of participants who developed aTRH and hazard ratios for incident aTRH hypertension associated with CKD
| No CKD | CKD | |
|---|---|---|
| No. of cases of incident aTRH/No. who attended study visit | ||
| Visit 2 | 151/1229 | 86/377 |
| Visit 2 or visit 3 | 267/1331 | 125/410 |
| Patients who developed aTRH, % | ||
| Visit 2 | 12.3 | 22.8 |
| Visit 2 or visit 3 | 20.1 | 30.5 |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) for aTRH | ||
| Crude | 1 (reference) | 1.73 (1.39–2.16) |
| Age and sex adjusted | 1 (reference) | 1.58 (1.23–2.03) |
| Multivariable adjusteda | 1 (reference) | 1.45 (1.12–1.86) |
Abbreviations: aTRH, apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension; CKD, chronic kidney disease.
Adjusted for age, sex, less than high school education, current smoking, physical activity, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, diabetes mellitus, and history of myocardial infarction.
Apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension defined as uncontrolled blood pressure with concurrent use of ≥3 antihypertensive medication classes including a diuretic or use of ≥4 antihypertensive medication classes including a diuretic with controlled blood pressure.
Median time between visits: visit 1 to visit 2, 4.6 years; visit 2 to visit 3, 3.1 years; and visit 1 to visit 3, 8.0 years.