Table 2. CCI and rapid recovery outcomes, complications and disposition*.
Cohort in-patient outcomes and complications and final disposition at discharge from index hospitalization. Early deaths are excluded
| Outcomes | Rapid recovery (n=107) 79.3% |
CCI (n=25) 18.5% |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Mechanically ventilated (n, %) | 89 (83.2) | 24 (96) | 0.24 |
| Ventilator-free days (28-day) | 24.3±3.8 | 9.6±7.9 | <0.0001 |
| MOF (n, %) | 7 (6.5) | 11 (44) | <0.0001 |
| Max. Denver MOF score (mean, SD) | 0.8±1.1 | 3.5±2.4 | <0.0001 |
| Time to recovery† (days, mean, SD) | 9.6±9.3 | 23.6±6.1 | <0.0001 |
| Noninfectious complications (n, %) | 21 (19.6) | 15 (60) | 0.0001 |
| Infectious complications (n, %) | 37 (34.6) | 21 (84) | <0.000 1 |
| Infection source (n, %) | |||
| Pneumonia | 17 (15.9) | 12 (48) | 0.0012 |
| Surgical site infections | 9 (8.4) | 8 (32) | 0.0006 |
| Pseudomembranous colitis | 10 (9.4) | 4 (16) | 0.30 |
| UTI | 7 (6.5) | 4 (16) | 0.22 |
| Blood stream infection | 1 (0.9) | 2 (8) | 0.09 |
| Empyema | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0.19 |
| Other | 1 (0.9) | 4 (16) | |
| Time to 1st nosocomial infection (days, mean, SD) | 6.9±5.6 | 5.9±2.9 | 0.94 |
| # of nosocomial infections per patient (mean, SD) | 0.36±0.59 | 1.20±1.44 | <0.0001 |
| Number of nosocomial infections per patient (n, %) | 0.0002 | ||
| 0 | 75 (70.1) | 8 (32) | |
| 1 | 26 (24.3) | 9 (36) | |
| ≥2 | 6 (5.6) | 8 (32) | |
| Length of stay (mean, SD) | |||
| Hospital days | 21.1±28.0 | 41.2±27.8 | <0.0001 |
| ICU days | 7.5±4.9 | 26.5±10.2 | <0.0001 |
| ICU-free days (28-day) | 20.5±4.9 | 3.4±3.9 | <0.0001 |
| 28 day-mortality (n, %) | 0 (0) | 3 (12) | 0.01 |
| Discharge disposition (n, %) | 0.0011 | ||
| ”Good” Disposition | 71 (66.4) | 11 (44) | 0.0078 |
| Inpatient rehabilitation facility | 19 (17.8) | 5 (20) | |
| Home with services | 16 (15) | 3 (12) | |
| Home | 36 (33.6) | 3 (12) | |
| ”Poor” Disposition | 36 (33.6) | 14 (56) | 0.0078 |
| SNF | 34 (31.8) | 7 (28) | |
| LTAC | 2 (1.9) | 3 (12) | |
| Death (in-hospital) | 0 (0) | 4 (16) | |
*
Early deaths are excluded (n=3).
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; MOF, multiple organ failure, Denver MOF score ≥3; UTI, urinary tract infection; SNF, skilled nursing facility; LTAC, long-term acute care facility.
†
Time to recovery is defined as time to organ dysfunction recovery, in days after injury, see Table S2.