Table 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
| Variables | Range | Controls (n=66) | mTBI (n=28) | cmTBI (n=24) | msevTBI (n=57) | F/χ2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 19–79 | 35.4 ± 14.4 | 35.4 ± 12.4 | 45.3 ± 18.4 | 35.5 ± 14.8 | 3.368a |
| Gender (male) | 40 (60.6) | 15 (53.6) | 13 (54.2) | 45 (78.9) | 8.220a | |
| Race (white) | 48 (72.7) | 15 (53.6) | 20 (83.3) | 48 (84.2) | 10.465a | |
| Education (y) | 8–20 | 12.9 ± 1.5 | 13.1 ± 1.9 | 13.9 ± 2.8 | 12.6 ± 2.4 | 2.232 |
| WTAR IQ | 68–125 | 101.4 ± 11.1 | 97.1 ± 11.6 | 101.9 ± 13.1 | 91.6 ± 14.5 | 7.194b |
| GOAT | 0–100 | |||||
| 1 mo | N/A | 96.0 ± 4.9 | 95.3 ± 6.8 | 70.3 ± 32.5 | 14.928b | |
| 6 mo | N/A | 94.3 ± 5.8 | 96.6 ± 6.0 | 92.0 ± 12.6 | 1.615 | |
| 12 mo | N/A | 93.1 ± 6.4 | 97.5 ± 3.7 | 94.4 ± 15.2 | 0.811 | |
| GCS | 3–15 | N/A | 14.6 ± 0.8 | 14.7 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 3.0 |
NOTE. Values are mean ± SD or n (%). Gender and race differences analyzed using Pearson chi-square. All other variables assessed using ANOVA. Differences in GCS were not assessed as this was used to classify TBI severity.
Abbreviations: GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; GOAT, Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test; N/A, Not Applicable; WTAR, Wechsler Test of Adult Reading; mTBI, mild TBI; cmTBI, complicated mild TBI; msevTBI, moderate to severe TBI.
a
p<.05,
b
p<.001