Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of positive youth development variables across 6 waves (total scale and higher-order factors)
| Mean (SD) | Reliability | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 7 | Grade 8 | Grade 9 | Grade 10 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 | Grade 7 | Grade 8 | Grade 9 | Grade 10 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 | |
| PYD | 4.51 (.70) | 4.45 (.68) | 4.46 (.64) | 4.47 (.60) | 4.45 (.58) | 4.48 (.58) | .93 | .96 | .93 | .96 | .96 | .96 |
| Higher-order factors | ||||||||||||
| CBC | 4.45 (.75) | 4.43 (.73) | 4.44 (.68) | 4.46 (.64) | 4.43 (.63) | 4.47 (.62) | .87 | .89 | .89 | .89 | .88 | .88 |
| PA | 4.50 (.89) | 4.42 (.85) | 4.42 (.81) | 4.45 (.78) | 4.42 (.75) | 4.47 (.74) | .83 | .83 | .83 | .84 | .81 | .81 |
| PI | 4.24 (.96) | 4.19 (.95) | 4.17 (.92) | 4.14 (.88) | 4.09 (.85) | 4.14 (.85) | .87 | .89 | .89 | .88 | .87 | .86 |
| GPYDQ | 4.58 (.71) | 4.53 (.69) | 4.54 (.65) | 4.57 (.62) | 4.54 (.60) | 4.57 (.60) | .93 | .93 | .93 | .93 | .93 | .93 |
PYD Positive youth development total scale, CBC Cognitive-behavioral competence, PA Positive attributes, PIT Positive identity, GPYDQ General positive youth development attributes