Table 4.

Descriptive statistics of positive youth development variables across 6 waves (individual constructs)

	Mean (SD)						Reliability
	Grade 7	Grade 8	Grade 9	Grade 10	Grade 11	Grade 12	Grade 7	Grade 8	Grade 9	Grade 10	Grade 11	Grade 12
BO	4.70 (.88)	4.62 (.87)	4.62 (.83)	4.70 (.77)	4.68 (.74)	4.72 (.74)	.74	.76	.78	.77	.77	.78
RE	4.64 (.91)	4.59 (.87)	4.62 (.82)	4.61 (.79)	4.60 (.78)	4.60 (.77)	.79	.81	.81	.81	.82	.83
SC	4.74 (.89)	4.68 (.87)	4.64 (.82)	4.65 (.78)	4.65 (.77)	4.65 (.76)	.86	.88	.88	.88	.88	.88
PB	4.33 (.98)	4.23 (.94)	4.21 (.89)	4.30 (.82)	4.25 (.83)	4.31 (.81)	.76	.77	.78	.79	.81	.81
EC	4.26 (.95)	4.30 (.88)	4.32 (.85)	4.38 (.79)	4.36 (.80)	4.38 (.78)	.73	.74	.75	.74	.77	.78
CC	4.32 (.91)	4.36 (.85)	4.39 (.80)	4.43 (.75)	4.40 (.73)	4.47 (.72)	.81	.83	.84	.82	.82	.82
BC	4.54 (.83)	4.51 (.79)	4.51 (.74)	4.54 (.69)	4.51 (.70)	4.56 (.69)	.71	.76	.76	.74	.73	.74
MC	4.37 (.91)	4.41 (.85)	4.46 (.81)	4.49 (.80)	4.50 (.75)	4.55 (.74)	.73	.75	.74	.75	.70	.70
SD	4.47 (.89)	4.43 (.85)	4.43 (.81)	4.41 (.78)	4.37 (.76)	4.41 (.76)	.75	.77	.77	.77	.77	.79
SE	4.35 (.93)	4.35 (.91)	4.40 (.86)	4.40 (.83)	4.37 (.81)	4.43 (.79)	.65	.66	.64	.64	.61	.61
SI	4.09 (1.03)	4.08 (1.00)	4.10 (.95)	4.11 (.91)	4.10 (.88)	4.16 (.88)	.78	.80	.80	.80	.79	.79
BF	4.39 (1.05)	4.30 (1.04)	4.25 (1.02)	4.16 (.99)	4.08 (.96)	4.12 (.95)	.84	.85	.85	.83	.79	.78
PI	4.37 (1.04)	4.29 (.98)	4.33 (.93)	4.33 (.89)	4.31 (.86)	4.40 (.88)	.80	.82	.83	.82	.81	.83
PN	4.64 (.96)	4.54 (.93)	4.51 (.88)	4.56 (.86)	4.52 (.84)	4.53 (.81)	.72	.72	.69	.72	.69	.68
SP	5.14 (1.32)	5.01 (1.29)	5.01 (1.26)	4.96 (1.23)	4.92 (1.24)	4.95 (1.23)	.88	.89	.90	.92	.91	.92

BO Bonding, RE Resilience, SC Social Competence, PB Recognition for Positive Behavior, EC Emotional Competence, CC Cognitive Competence, BC Behavioral Competence, MC Moral Competence, SD Self-Determination, SE Self-Efficacy, SI Clear and Positive Identity, BF Beliefs in the Future, PI Prosocial Involvement, PN Prosocial Norms, SP Spirituality