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Application of MSC sheets onto the osteotomy sites in a rat fracture model. A 1 mm segmental bone defect was created by transverse osteotomy on rat femurs in this study (a). MSC sheets were wrapped around the fracture sites individually (b, c), and incisions on hind limbs were sutured. Postoperative control radiographs were taken after intramedullary fixation of fractures (d).
