Fig. 2.

B-cell-induced CD4⁺Foxp3^- regulatory T cells treatment in disease models. Treg-of-B cells have been used for therapy in several animal models. Pre-treated Treg-of-B cells prevented allogeneic heart transplantation-induced tissue rejection ①. Treg-of-B cells inhibited antigen-specific and non-antigen-specific T cell proliferation in vitro through IL-10-mediated and IL-10-independent mechanisms. Both IL-10 and CTLA4 play roles in long-term Treg-of-B cells suppressive functions ②. In vivo treatment with Treg-of-B cells protected mice from Th2-mediated allergic asthma in an antigen-specific manner and in a non-antigen-specific fashion ③. Both LAG3 and IL-10 may play roles in the protection of mice from allergic asthma and rheumatoid arthritis ④. IL-10-deficient Treg-of-B cells prevented mice from T-cell-mediated intestinal inflammation ⑤