FIG 1.

CATH-2 inhibits P. aeruginosa-induced macrophage activation. (A) Various concentrations of P. aeruginosa were incubated with 5 μM CATH-2, LL-37, or eCATH-1 in DMEM plus 10% FCS for 2 h at 37°C, after which the viability was assessed by colony counting assays. (B and C) J774.A1 cells were stimulated with various concentrations of P. aeruginosa in combination with 5 μM CATH-2, LL-37, or eCATH-1 in DMEM plus 10% FCS for 2 h at 37°C, followed by a double wash and incubation for an additional 22 h in DMEM plus 10% FCS plus 250 μg/ml gentamicin. TNF-α production (B) was determined after 2 h, while IL-6 production (C) was determined after 24 h. n = 3 or more. Error bars = standard errors of the mean (SEM). Statistical differences are determined by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni's post hoc test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.