CATH-2-mediated killing prevents in vivo lung inflammation. Male C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally instilled with 50 μl of 2 × 106 CFU/ml P. aeruginosa, which was either CATH-2 killed (20 μM), gentamicin killed (1 mg/ml), or heat killed (90°C, 1 h). Alternatively, control mice were instilled with an air bolus. After 6 h, total cell counts in BALF (A), as well as macrophage (B) and PMN (C) percentages, were determined by differential cell count. In addition, MMP-9 concentrations in BALF (D) were determined. n = 5 or more. Error bars = SEM. Statistical differences were determined by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.