Effect of cathelicidins on inflammation induced by gentamicin-killed bacteria in vivo. Male C57BL/6 mice were instilled with 50 μl of 2 × 106 CFU/ml P. aeruginosa killed by gentamicin (4 μg/ml), which was supplemented with either CATH-2, LL-37, or PMAP-23 at 20 μM, or were instilled without cathelicidin supplementation (saline). Control mice received 50 μl of saline containing gentamicin only. After 6 h, total cell counts in BALF (A), as well as macrophage (B) and PMN (C) percentages, were determined by differential cell count, and TNF-α (D), IL-6 (E), and KC (F) concentrations in the lavage fluid were determined by ELISA. n = 5 or more. Error bars = SEM. Statistical differences were determined by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.