Fig. 6.
Specificity evaluation in a cellulose paper chip. (A) The normalized impedance magnitudes of the viral lysate of CMV- and HSV-spiked samples were not significantly different than the virus-free control (p > 0.05, n = 3), however the normalized impedance magnitude of the viral lysate of HIV-spiked PBS samples was significantly different than the control (p < 0.05, n = 3). (B) The normalized impedance magnitude of the mixture of CMV and HSV in spiked plasma samples was not significantly different than the control (p > 0.05, n = 3), however the normalized impedance magnitude of the viral lysate of HIV-spiked plasma was significantly different than the control (p < 0.05, n = 3). (C) Specificity test for E. coli detection. The normalized impedance magnitude of samples spiked with S. aureus and Salmon testes was not significantly different than the pathogen-free control (p > 0.05, n = 3), but the normalized impedance magnitude of LAMP E. coli products was significantly different than control samples (p < 0.05, n = 3). (D) Specificity test for LAMP HIV-1 detection. The normalized impedance magnitude of HIV-1 LAMP amplicons with an initial concentration of 1 ng µl−1 was significantly different than the control (p < 0.05, n = 3), but the normalized impedance magnitude of LAMP-based amplified HCV RNA, S. aureus DNA, E. coli DNA, and S. aureus DNA was not different than the control (p > 0.05, n = 3).