Table 4.

Studies evaluating postoperative knee function as a risk factor for chronic pain after TKR

Author and year	Number in analysis	Risk factor measurement	Outcome	Univariable or multivariable analysis	Association	Results summary
Elson and Brenkel, 200640	402 knees	Range of motion (active and passive) at hospital discharge	AKSS pain at 5 years	Univariable analysis	No	Not significant, results not reported
Núñez et al, 200742	67	Ambulatory status at hospital discharge	WOMAC pain at 3 years	Multivariable linear regression	No	Not significant, results not reported
Núñez et al, 200943	112	Ambulatory status at hospital discharge	WOMAC pain at 7 years	Multivariable linear regression	No	Not significant, results not reported
Crosbie et al, 201038	100	WOMAC function at 2 weeks	WOMAC pain at 6 months	Multivariable linear regression	Yes	Beta coefficient=+0.06, SE=±0.02
		6 min walk test at 2 weeks			Yes	Beta coefficient=−0.05, SE=±0.01
		Stair ascent speed at 2 weeks			No	Not significant, results not reported
		WOMAC function at 8 weeks			No	Not significant, results not reported
		6 min walk test at 8 weeks			Yes	Beta coefficient=−0.04, SE=±0.01
		Stair ascent speed at 8 weeks			No	Not significant, results not reported
Riis et al, 201446	154	Range of flexion (active) at hospital discharge	AKSS pain at 12 months	Multivariable binary logistic regression	No	OR 1.00 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.04), p=0.698

AKSS, American Knee Society Score; TKR, total knee replacement; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.