Table 4.
Characteristics and comorbidities among patients with lower extremity amputation diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes or without in 2010–2011
| In risk of lower limb amputation | No CVD or diabetes | p Value* | |||
| n=2636 | Cardiovascular disease | Diabetes | n=247(%) | ||
| n=1185(%) | n=1451(%) | ||||
| Characteristics | |||||
| Male | 1680 (64) | 637 (54) | 1043 (72) | 131 (53) | <0.0001 |
| Married | 1058 (40) | 430 (36) | 628 (43) | 107 (43) | 0.0003 |
| working | 197 (7) | 46 (4) | 151 (10) | 60 (24) | <0.0001† |
| Retired | 1943 (74) | 985 (83) | 958 (66) | 112 (45) | |
| Social welfare | 496 (19) | 154 (13) | 342 (24) | 75 (30) | |
| Living in rural areas | 1548 (59) | 704 (59) | 844 (58) | 157 (64) | 0.5 |
| Charlson Index | |||||
| 0–1 | 376 (14) | 322 (27) | 54 (4) | 170 (69) | <0.0001‡ |
| 2 | 411 (16) | 314 (27) | 97 (7) | 45 (18) | |
| 3 | 1849 (70) | 549 (46) | 1300 (90) | 32 (13) | |
| Previous amputation | 252 (10) | 55 (5) | 197 (14) | 14 (6) | <0.0001 |
| Multi-morbidities | |||||
| Comorbidities, median (IQR) | 8 (6; 10) | 6 (5; 8) | 10 (7; 12) | 1 (0; 2) | <0.0001 |
| Drugs, median (IQR) | 7 (5; 9) | 6 (4; 8) | 8 (6; 10) | 3 (2; 5) | <0.0001 |
| Ulcer | 1360 (52) | 489 (41) | 871 (60) | 80 (32) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 1397 (53) | 519 (44) | 878 (61) | 34 (14) | <0.0001 |
| Arthrosis | 454 (17) | 227 (19) | 227 (16) | 61 (25) | 0.02 |
| Chronic pulmonary diseases | 466 (18) | 250 (21) | 216 (15) | 19 (8) | <0.0001 |
| Tumour without metastasis | 310 (12) | 178 (15) | 132 (9) | 40 (16) | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol addiction | 319 (12) | 156 (13) | 163 (11) | 30 (12) | 0.1 |
| Obesity | 252 (10) | 28 (2) | 224 (15) | 5 (2) | <0.0001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 203 (8) | 110 (9) | 93 (6) | 26 (11) | 0.006 |
| Liver disease | 109 (4) | 41 (3) | 68 (5) | 21 (9) | 0.1 |
| Metastatic cancer | 52 (2) | 40 (3) | 12 (1) | 7 (3) | <0.0001 |
| Prescribed medication | |||||
| Opioids | 2027 (77) | 93 (84) | 1034 (71) | 141 (57) | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol-lowering drugs | 1483 (56) | 543 (46) | 940 (65) | 30 (12) | <0.0001 |
| Antithrombotic drugs | 1919 (73) | 855 (72) | 1064 (73) | 54 (22) | 0.5 |
| Antihypertensive | 1647 (62) | 611 (52) | 1036 (71) | 68 (28) | <0.0001 |
| Neuropathic pain relievers | 1162 (44) | 580 (49) | 582 (40) | 87 (35) | <0.0001 |
| Beta blockers | 1161 (44) | 475 (40) | 686 (47) | 38 (15) | 0.0002 |
| Alcohol addiction | 420 (16) | 226 (19) | 194 (13) | 43 (17) | <0.0001 |
| Drugs for airway disease | 459 (17) | 240 (20) | 219 (15) | 24 (10) | 0.0005 |
*p<0.05, cardiovascular disease vs diabetes.
†p Value represents the distribution of working, retired and social welfare between patients with CVD, diabetes or without.
‡p Value represents the distribution of Charlson Index between patients with CVD, diabetes or without.
Cardiovascular disease includes atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disorders, cardiac ischaemia, emboli, stroke, cerebrovascular disease. Diabetes includes antidiabetic therapy.