Table 3.

Prevalence and risk analysis for spinal OA with smoking in the HRT group

	Non-smokers	Smokers	p Value
Spine OA	83.5% (1.8)	98.4% (1.7)	0.025
ORs	1	11.32 (1.31–17.90)	0.027

Bold text means statistical significance (P<0.05).

Age, BMI, WC, drinking and exercise were adjusted.

BMI, body mass index (kg/m²); HRT, hormone replacement therapy; OA, osteoarthritis; WC, waist circumference (cm).