Table 2.
Univariableand multivariable associations with previous quit attempts in pregnancy at baseline
| Variable | Univariable model | Multivariable model | ||||
| Current smokers in each response category, n | Women who made a quit attempt, n (row %) |
OR (95% CIs) | P value | OR (95% CIs) | P value | |
| Age, years | ||||||
| <20 | 97 | 64 (66.0) | 1.00 | |||
| 21–25 | 179 | 101 (56.4) | 0.63 (0.37 to 1.07) | |||
| 26–30 | 123 | 57 (46.3) | 0.42 (0.24 to 0.74) | 0.026 | ||
| Over 31 | 86 | 48 (55.8) | 0.64 (0.35 to 1.19) | |||
| Age (years) mean (SD) | 25.3 (5.4) | 24.9 (5.7) | 0.97 (0.94 to 1.01) | 0.11 | ||
| General health | ||||||
| Excellent | 68 | 45 (66.2) | 1.00 | |||
| Good | 348 | 178 (51.2) | 0.49 (0.28 to 0.87) | |||
| Fair | 68 | 47 (69.1) | 0.95 (0.46 to 1.97) | 0.016 | ||
| Poor | 2 | 1 (50.0) | 0.44 (0.03 to 7.5) | |||
| Qualifications held | ||||||
| None | 121 | 50 (41.3) | 1.00 | |||
| GCSEs or above | 367 | 222 (60.5) | 2.27 (1.49 to 3.46) | 0.0001 | ||
| Previous pregnancy | ||||||
| Yes | 346 | 169 (48.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| No | 137 | 101 (73.7) | 3.17 (2.02 to 4.98) | <0.0001 | 2.20 (1.33 to 3.66) | 0.0019 |
| No of cigarettes smoked per day | ||||||
| ≤5 | 191 | 136 (71.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 6–10 | 151 | 86 (57.0) | 0.56 (0.36 to 0.88) | <0.0001 | 0.65 (0.39 to 1.07) | |
| ≥11 | 131 | 45 (34.4) | 0.22 (0.14 to 0.36) | 0.28 (0.16 to 0.48) | <0.0001 | |
| HSI | ||||||
| Low dependence | 310 | 196 (63.2) | 1.00 | |||
| Moderate dependence | 146 | 61 (41.8) | 0.43 (0.29 to 0.64) | <0.0001 | ||
| High dependence | 8 | 2 (25.0) | 0.19 (0.04 to 0.98) | |||
| Urge to smoke in last 24 hours | ||||||
| No urges | 23 | 14 (60.9) | 1.00 | |||
| Urges | 447 | 251 (56.2) | 0.97 (0.42 to 2.24) | 0.95 | ||
| Strength of urges to smoke in last 24 hours | ||||||
| No urges | 31 | 16 (51.6) | 1.00 | |||
| Weak | 334 | 194 (58.1) | 1.28 (0.60 to 2.70) | 0.82 | ||
| Strong | 103 | 59 (57.3) | 1.26 (0.55 to 2.86) | |||
| Partner smoking status | ||||||
| Non-smoking partner | 111 | 57 (51.4) | 1.00 | |||
| Smoking partner | 334 | 189 (56.6) | 0.88 (0.57 to 1.37) | 0.50 | ||
| No partner | 41 | 26 (63.4) | 1.38 (0.69 to 2.73) | |||
| Home ownership | ||||||
| Rent/other | 427 | 234 (54.8) | 1.00 | 0.47 | ||
| Own home | 57 | 35 (61.4) | 1.23 (0.70 to 2.17) | |||
| Current employment | ||||||
| Not in current paid work | 324 | 163 (50.3) | 1.00 | 0.0005 | ||
| In current paid work | 164 | 109 (66.5) | 2.01 (1.35 to 2.99) | |||
| Usual occupation | ||||||
| Manual/not applicable | 351 | 194 (55.3) | 1.00 | 0.13 | ||
| Non-manual | 75 | 46 (61.3) | 1.50 (0.88 to 2.57) | |||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| White British | 447 | 250 (55.9) | 1.00 | |||
| Other | 39 | 21 (53.9) | 1.05 (0.53 to 2.10) | 0.88 | ||
| Timing of pregnancy | ||||||
| Planned | 171 | 110 (64.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Surprise | 312 | 158 (50.6) | 0.59 (0.40 to 0.87) | 0.007 | 0.53 (0.34 to 0.82) | 0.0045 |
| Felt depressed or hopeless in last month | ||||||
| Yes | 144 | 88 (61.1) | 1.00 | 0.21 | ||
| No | 338 | 181 (53.6) | 0.77 (0.52 to 1.16) | |||
| Long-term disability or mental illness | ||||||
| Yes | 66 | 34 (51.5) | 1.00 | |||
| No | 416 | 234 (56.3) | 1.25 (0.74 to 2.11) | 0.41 | ||
| Smoking during pregnancy can harm your baby | ||||||
| Disagree | 211 | 81 (38.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Agree | 266 | 183 (68.8) | 4.08 (2.76 to 6.02) | <0.0001 | 4.23 (2.76 to 6.48) | <0.0001 |
| Self-efficacy in quitting | ||||||
| Low | 412 | 220 (53.4) | 1.00 | |||
| High | 47 | 35 (74.5) | 3.72 (1.68 to 8.21) | 0.001 | ||
GCSE, general certificate of secondary education; HSI, heaviness of smoking index.