Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2017 Jul 15;23:112–117. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.07.002

Fig. 1. Amino acid effects on mosquito physiology.

Fig. 1

Digestion of hemoglobin releases free amino acids in the midgut lumen that act as signaling molecules for meal retention and protease synthesis. Increases in AA titers in hemolymph, together with an increase in 20E synthesis in ovaries, stimulate vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body. An increase in proline connects metabolic pathways in energy production, flight physiology and ammonia detoxification. AA: amino acids; 20E: 20-hydroxyecdysone; VG: vitellogenin.