Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population by Presence vs Absence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,a n=1583.b
| Diabetes N=514 |
No Diabetes N=1069 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Male sex | 229 (45) | 441 (41) | 0.21 |
| Age (in years) | 0.48 | ||
| 60–69 | 244 (48) | 491 (46) | |
| 70–79 | 218 (42) | 448 (42) | |
| 80+ | 52 (10) | 130 (12) | |
| Primary Language Spanish | 286 (56) | 598 (56) | 0.91 |
| Immigrant (Mexican or Other Latin | 217 (42) | 567 (53) | <0.0001 |
| American) | |||
| Marital status | 0.43 | ||
| Single | 12 (2) | 35 (3) | |
| Married/Living with someone | 313 (61) | 624 (58) | |
| Widowed | 113 (22) | 264 (25) | |
| Divorced/Separated | 75 (15) | 145 (14) | |
| Retired | 397 (90) | 799 (91) | 0.65 |
| Currently employedc | 61 (12) | 202 (19) | 0.001 |
| Monthly household income (in $) | 0.90 | ||
| <1000 | 218 (43) | 450 (43) | |
| 1000–1499 | 108 (21) | 217 (21) | |
| 1500–1999 | 61 (12) | 116 (11) | |
| 2000–2499 | 49 (10) | 110 (11) | |
| ≥2500 | 70 (14) | 160 (15) | |
| Have primary care physician | 475 (93) | 938 (88) | 0.005 |
| Have health Insurance | 479 (93) | 972 (91) | 0.17 |
| Hypertension | 413 (80) | 668 (63) | <0.0001 |
| History of Stroke | 74 (14) | 66 (6) | <0.0001 |
| CES-D score ≥16 | 144 (28) | 253 (24) | 0.06 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Years of education completed | 7.3 (5.4) | 7.5 (5.3) | 0.47 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 7.3 (1.3) | 5.7 (0.6) | <0.0001 |
| Fasting blood sugar (FBS, in mg/dL) | 156.3 (57.8) | 93.9 (12.0) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index (BMI, in kg/m2) | 31.0 (6.3) | 29.2 (5.7) | <0.0001 |
a
Baseline diabetes
b
Table does not include 3 individuals with missing baseline diabetes status but who were included in the final analysis and models.
c
‘Employed’ and ‘Retired’ are not mutually exclusive categories. Individuals who were retired could be employed in a different position after retirement; percentages do not add up to 100%.Percentages may not equal 100% due to rounding.
Abbreviations (in alphabetical order): BMI= Body Mass Index. CES-D=Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale. FBS= Fasting Blood Sugar.