Figure 2.

Comparison of paired HIV-1 RNA loads in plasma and in semen, respectively, in antiretroviral therapy (ART)–naïve patients at baseline and at follow-up after praziquantel treatment. SPSS version 16 and R version 3.2.1 were used for data analysis [23]. S. haematobium infection intensity was expressed as number of eggs/10 mL urine. Mean blood plasma and semen HIV-1 RNA copies counted were log₁₀ transformed. Calculation of mean HIV-1 RNA load in plasma, or an HIV-1 RNA result of less <1.3 log₁₀ copies in semen, was determined to be 1.28 log₁₀ copies (19 copies)/mL, and a negative result to be 0 log₁₀ copies /mL. A paired t test was applied to test for changes in mean HIV-1 RNA load from baseline to follow-up. The confidence intervals in Figure 2 were obtained by use of a linear mixed model with random intercept.