Table 2. Percentage of Primary Care Providers (N = 1,209) Recommending Physical Activity and Knowledge-Related Factors and Barriers to Recommending Physical Activity, by Level of Preparedness for Discussing Physical Activity With Their Adult Patients With Disabilities, 2014 DocStyles.
| Characteristic | Overall | Prepared to Discuss Physical Activity,a % (95% Confidence Intervals) |
P Valueb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strongly Agree | Somewhat Agree | Neutral or Disagree | |||
| How often recommend physical activity | |||||
| Every visit or most clinic visits | 50.6 (47.8–53.4) | 62.0 (57.4–66.5) | 48.5 (44.2–52.8) | 35.0 (29.0–40.9) | <.001 |
| Patient-focused reasonsc | 35.7 (33.0–38.4) | 29.2 (24.9–33.4) | 36.5 (32.3–40.6) | 45.9 (39.7–52.2) | |
| Other (annual wellness visit, only if time, other) | 11.8 (9.9–13.6) | 8.7 (6.0–11.3) | 13.7 (10.8–16.7) | 13.0 (8.8–17.2) | |
| Never | 1.9 (1.1–2.7) | 0.2 (0.0–0.7) | 1.3 (0.4–2.3) | 6.1 (3.1–9.1) | |
| Knowledge-Related Factors | |||||
| Awareness of community physical activity resourcesd | |||||
| Strongly agree | 17.3 (15.2–19.4) | 34.2 (29.7–38.6) | 10.1 (7.5–12.7) | 2.4 (0.5–4.4) | <.001 |
| Somewhat agree | 44.8 (41.9–47.6) | 42.4 (37.8–47.0) | 54.0 (49.7–58.3) | 29.3 (23.6–35.0) | |
| Neither | 20.4 (18.1–22.6) | 12.5 (9.4–15.6) | 21.8 (18.2–25.3) | 31.3 (25.5–37.1) | |
| Strongly/somewhat disagree | 17.6 (15.5–19.8) | 10.9 (8.0–13.9) | 14.1 (11.1–17.1) | 37.0 (31.0–43.0) | |
| Knowledge of the guideline on aerobic activitye | |||||
| Provider’s knowledge is accurate | 18.5 (16.3–20.7) | 17.8 (14.2–21.3) | 17.8 (14.5–21.0) | 21.5 (16.4–26.7) | .24 |
| The guideline on aerobic activity applies to adults with disabilities | |||||
| Yes | 53.7 (50.9–56.5) | 62.0 (57.4–66.5) | 53.1 (48.8–57.3) | 40.2 (34.1–46.4) | <.001 |
| No | 8.9 (7.3–10.5) | 9.8 (7.0–12.6) | 8.0 (5.7–10.3) | 8.9 (5.4–12.5) | |
| Don’t know | 37.5 (34.7–40.2) | 28.3 (24.0–32.5) | 38.9 (34.8–43.1) | 50.8 (44.6–57.1) | |
| Barriers | |||||
| Patient-related | 49.5 (46.6–52.3) | 54.0 (49.3–58.7) | 49.1 (44.8–53.3) | 42.3 (36.1–48.5) | .02f |
| Lack of patient interest in physical activity | 25.9 (23.4–28.4) | 31.0 (26.7–35.3) | 24.6 (20.9–28.3) | 19.5 (14.6–24.5) | |
| Lack of patient ability to participate in physical activity | 9.8 (8.2–11.5) | 9.1 (6.4–11.8) | 11.6 (8.9–14.4) | 7.3 (4.1–10.6) | |
| Patients have other immediate health issues | 13.7 (11.8–15.7) | 13.9 (10.7–17.1) | 12.8 (9.9–15.7) | 15.5 (10.9–20.0) | |
| Provider-related | 15.9 (13.8–17.9) | 13.2 (10.0–16.4) | 15.8 (12.7–19.0) | 20.7 (15.7–25.8) | |
| Lack of knowledge about physical activity options for people with disabilities | 13.1 (11.2–15.0) | 10.0 (7.2–12.8) | 13.2 (10.3–16.1) | 18.3 (13.5–23.1) | |
| Discomfort in speaking to patient with disability about physical activity | 2.8 (1.9–3.7) | 3.2 (1.6–4.8) | 2.7 (1.3–4.1) | 2.4 (0.5–4.4) | |
| System-related | 26.5 (24.0–29.0) | 23.2 (19.3–27.2) | 28.6 (24.8–32.5) | 27.6 (22.1–33.2) | |
| Lack of support from practice or health organization | 4.2 (3.1–5.4) | 4.6 (2.6–6.5) | 3.4 (1.9–5.0) | 5.3 (2.5–8.1) | |
| Lack of reimbursement | 6.3 (4.9–7.7) | 6.6 (4.3–9.4) | 5.7 (3.7–7.7) | 6.9 (3.7–10.1) | |
| Lack of time | 16.0 (13.9–18.0) | 12.1 (9.0–15.1) | 19.5 (16.1–22.9) | 15.5 (10.9–20.0) | |
| Other barrier | 1.4 (0.7–2.1) | 1.6 (0.4–2.8) | 1.3 (0.4–2.3) | 1.2 (0.0–2.6) | |
| No major barriers | 6.8 (5.4–8.2) | 8.0 (5.4–10.5) | 5.2 (3.3–7.1) | 8.1 (4.7–11.6) | |
Categories are based on responses to following statement: “I feel prepared to recommend physical activity to my adult patients with disabilities.” Respondents were categorized into 3 groups: 1) strongly agreed, 2) somewhat agreed, and 3) neither agreed nor disagreed (neutral), somewhat disagreed, or strongly disagreed. Because we were interested in primary care providers who agreed they felt prepared and because the number of respondents who were neutral or disagreed was small, we combined these responses into a single category.
Based on the appropriate test for trend on the distribution of the characteristic across the levels of preparedness, including Cochran–Armitage test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman correlation.
If the patient brings it up or if the patient is at risk, or it varies or depends on patient needs.
Based on responses to the following statement: “I am aware of community physical activity resources or programs available for adults with disabilities.”
At least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, or an equivalent combination (1).
Test for trend across the 5 overall categories using a Kruskal–Wallis test.