Table 1.
Sample characteristics and descriptive statistics (N = 422)
| Total Sample (N = 422) | English (n = 205) | Spanish (n = 217) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age*a | 42.2 (14.0) | 38.1 (13.6) | 46.1 (13.2) |
| Missing | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Genderb | |||
| Women | 210 (49.8%) | 105 (51.2%) | 105 (48.4%) |
| Men | 212 (50.2%) | 100 (48.8%) | 112 (51.6%) |
| Education*b | |||
| Less than high school | 113 (26.8%) | 12 (5.9%) | 101 (46.5%) |
| High school/ trade school | 85 (20.1%) | 38 (18.5%) | 47 (21.7%) |
| Some college/associates degree | 121 (28.7%) | 80 (39.0%) | 41 (18.9%) |
| Bachelor’s degree | 73 (17.3%) | 56 (27.3%) | 17 (7.8%) |
| Postgraduate | 24 (5.7%) | 17 (8.3%) | 7 (3.2%) |
| Missing/don’t know | 6 (1.4%) | 2 (1.0%) | 4 (1.9%) |
| Annual income*b | |||
| Less than $25,000 | 176 (41.7%) | 59 (28.8%) | 117 (53.9%) |
| $25,00 – $34,999 | 49 (11.6%) | 19 (9.3%) | 30 (13.8%) |
| $35,000 – $49,999 | 68 (16.1%) | 39 (19.0%) | 29 (13.4%) |
| $50,000 – $74,999 | 49 (11.6%) | 39 (19.0%) | 10 (4.6%) |
| $75,000 or more | 43 (10.2%) | 34 (16.6%) | 9 (4.1%) |
| Missing/don’t know | 37 (8.8%) | 15 (7.3%) | 22 (10.2%) |
| Employment status*b | |||
| Employed | 240 (56.9%) | 138 (67.3%) | 102 (47.0%) |
| Not Employed for Wages | |||
| Unemployed | 70 (16.6%) | 29 (14.2%) | 41 (18.9%) |
| Homemaker | 33 (7.8%) | 6 (2.9%) | 27 (12.4%) |
| Student/retired/disabled | 48 (11.4%) | 18 (8.8%) | 30 (13.8%) |
| Social Security/SSI | 13 (3.1%) | 4 (2.0%) | 9 (4.1%) |
| Missing/don’t know | 18 (4.3%) | 10 (4.9%) | 8 (3.7%) |
| Marital status b | |||
| Married | 206 (48.8%) | 93 (45.4%) | 113 (52.1%) |
| Not married | |||
| Never been married | 121 (28.7%) | 64 (31.2%) | 57 (26.3%) |
| Living with partner | 28 (6.6%) | 15 (7.3%) | 13 (6.0%) |
| Divorced/separated | 55 (13.0%) | 30 (14.6%) | 25 (11.6%) |
| Widowed | 11 (2.6%) | 3 (1.5%) | 8 (3.7%) |
| Missing | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) |
| Country of birth*b | |||
| United States | 160 (37.9%) | 129 (62.9%) | 31 (14.3%) |
| Mexico | 182 (43.1%) | 52 (25.4%) | 130 (59.9%) |
| Other | 11 (2.6%) | 8 (3.9%) | 3 (1.4%) |
| Missing | 69 (16.4%) | 16 (7.8%) | 53 (24.4%) |
| Childrenb | |||
| Yes | 252 (59.7%) | 116 (56.6%) | 136 (62.7%) |
| No | 164 (38.9%) | 88 (42.9%) | 76 (35.0%) |
| Missing | 6 (1.4%) | 1 (0.5%) | 5 (2.3%) |
| LOT-R Totala | 18.0 (3.0) | 18.0 (3.1) | 17.9 (2.9) |
| Missingb | 10 (2.4%) | 2 (1.0%) | 8 (3.7%) |
| LOT-R Optimisma | 9.2 (2.0) | 9.3 (1.8) | 9.0 (2.1) |
| Missingb | 10 (2.4%) | 2 (1.0%) | 8 (3.7%) |
| LOT-R Pessimisma | 6.2 (2.0) | 6.3 (2.0) | 6.1 (1.9) |
| Missingb | 5 (1.2%) | 2 (1.0%) | 3 (1.4%) |
| PHQ-9 Totala | 4.7 (5.2) | 4.5 (5.1) | 4.8 (5.3) |
| Missingb | 14 (3.3%) | 5 (2.4%) | 9 (4.1%) |
| GAD-7 Totala | 4.9 (5.3) | 4.1 (4.6) | 5.7 (5.8) |
| Missingb | 10 (2.4%) | 3 (1.5%) | 7 (3.2%) |
a
M (SD);
b
n (%).
Independent sample t-tests and Chi-square tests were used to evaluate differences in sample characteristic variables between language-preference groups;
*
p < .05