Table II.
Ultrasound Data
| Controls n=27 |
SCD n=6 |
SCD + HC n=15 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| LVED dimension (mm) | 46 ± 4 | 52 ± 2* | 53 ± 4*** |
| LVES dimension (mm) | 31 ± 4 | 35 ± 3 | 35 ± 4* |
| LVED volume index (ml/m2) | 53 ± 16 | 70 ± 17 | 68 ± 13* |
| LVES volume index (ml/m2) | 21 ± 7 | 30 ± 10 | 27 ± 9 |
| LVES wall stress (103 dynes/cm2) | 63 ± 14 | 58 ± 14 | 60 ± 13 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 67 ± 13 | 84 ± 16 | 94 ± 22*** |
| E/A ratio | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.7^ |
| Septal e' (cm/s) | 10.9 ± 2.9 | 11.5 ± 2.3 | 10.3 ± 1.7 |
| Septal E/e' | 6.4 ± 1.7 | 9.6 ± 1.3** | 9.2 ± 3.0*** |
| RVSP (mmHg) | 23 ± 4 | 27 ± 6 | 28 ± 7 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 62 ± 5 | 61 ± 3 | 61 ± 6 |
| Stroke volume (ml) | 62 ± 13 | 76 ± 13 | 78 ± 17** |
| Stroke work (×10−3), (ml · mmHg) | 7.2 ± 1.7 | 8.7 ± 1.7 | 9.1 ± 2.6* |
| Total cardiac work (ml · mmHg/min) | 413 ± 123 | 609 ± 80** | 568 ± 129** |
| Cardiac output (l/min) | 3.5 ± 0.9 | 5.4 ± 0.6*** | 5.0 ± 0.8*** |
| Cardiac index (l/min/m2) | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.6*** | 2.8 ± 0.3*** |
| Global longitudinal strain(%) | −19 ± 3 | −19 ± 3 | −20 ± 2 |
| Brachial diameter (cm) | 3.4 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.4 |
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001 for controls vs SCD
^
p<0.05,
^^
p<0.01 for SCD vs SCD+HC
e': tissue Doppler mitral annular velocity; E/A: ratio of early (E) to late (A) left ventricular filling; HC: hydroxycarbamide; LVED: left ventricular end-diastolic; LVES: left ventricular end-systolic; LVMI: left ventricular mass index; RVSP: right ventricular systolic pressure; SCD: sickle cell disease.