Table 2.

Association of Biomarkers with Acute Kidney Injury (Any and Severe) (ages greater than or equal to 2 years^†)

Pre-operative					Post-operative
Tertile; Range	Any AKI		Severe AKI		Tertile; Range	Any AKI		Severe AKI
	n (%)	aOR* (95% CI)	n (%)	aOR* (95% CI)		n (%)	aOR* (95% CI); aOR + pre-op (95% CI)a	n (%)	aOR* (95% CI); aOR + pre-op (95% CI)a
IL - 8
T1; (0.7 – 3.5) n=77	13 (24%)	1.0 (referent)	4 (5%)	1.0 (referent)	T1; (1.8 – 16.5) n=89	18 (20%)	1.0 (referent); 1.0 (referent)	8 (9%)	1.0 (referent); 1.0 (referent)
T2; (3.5 – 6.4) n=53	21 (38%)	2.61 (1.05, 6.46)	8 (15%)	2.26 (0.59, 8.63)	T2; (16.7 – 39.5) n=48	17 (35%)	1.65 (0.68, 3.99); 1.33 (0.48, 3.67)	3 (6%)	0.56 (0.13, 2.52); 0.51 (0.10, 2.50)
T3; (6.4–362.9) n=41	21 (38%)	4.88 (1.81,13.15)	12 (29%)	5.06 (1.36, 18.74)	T3; (39.8- 505.2) n=39	21 (38%)	2.10 (0.79, 5.61); 1.71 (0.54, 5.45)	14 (36%)	2.77 (0.84, 9.16); 2.34 (0.58, 9.42)
TNF
T1; (1.1 – 3.9) n=80	23 (29%)	1.0 (referent)	8 (10%)	1.0 (referent)	T1; (0.7 – 3.4) n=83	20 (24%)	1.0 (referent); 1.0 (referent)	8 (10%)	1.0 (referent); 1.0 (referent)
T2; (3.9 – 5.6) n=57	17 (30%)	0.80 (0.31, 2.07)	7 (12%)	1.33 (0.34, 5.32)	T2; (3.4 – 5.3) n=59	20 (34%)	2.80 (1.12, 7.04) ; 2.60 (0.92, 7.32)	7 (12%)	2.99 (0.77, 11.66); 3.28 (0.67,16.01)
T3; (5.6 – 34.4) n=34	15 (44%)	1.52 (0.55, 4.18)	9 (26%)	3.15 (0.90, 11.04)	T3; (5.4 – 20.3) n=34	16 (47%)	3.31 (1.22, 8.97); 3.67 (1.10,12.27)	10 (29%)	5.88 (1.57, 22.07); 8.71 (1.74,43.61)

^*adjusted for age, sex, race, RACHS-1 score, CPB time, and site

^aadjusted for preoperative biomarker level as well as for age, sex, race, RACHS-1 score, CPB time, and site

CI, confidence interval; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor alpha; T, tertile

Bolded and italicized odds ratios indicate significance; aOR, adjusted odds ratio

^†Interaction p-value between biomarker and age: Any AKI IL-18 pre-op, p=0.03, post-op p<0.0001, TNF pre-op p=0.004, post-op p=0.004.

Severe AKI IL-18 pre-op, p=0.04, post-op p=0.002, TNF pre-op p=0.23, post-op p=0.