. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Kidney Int. 2017 Jul 21;92(6):1484–1492. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.05.012

Table 3.

Minimum Detectable Hazard Ratio of the Association between Solutes and Outcomes

		Cardiac Death	Sudden Cardiac Death	First CV Event	Any-Cause Death
Number of Events		221	127	641	563
Event Probability		17.4%	10.0%	54.2%	44.2%
Solutes	Standard Deviation	HR	HR	HR	HR
PCS	1.351	1.19	1.25	1.14	1.11
IS	0.930	1.29	1.40	1.22	1.17
HIPP	1.369	1.19	1.26	1.15	1.12
PAG	1.031	1.26	1.35	1.20	1.15

Abbreviation: HR, Hazard Ratio; PCS, P-Cresol Sulfate; IS, Indoxyl Sulfate; HIPP, Hippurate; PAG, Phenylacetylglutamine

Note: The minimum detectable hazard ratio per 2-fold increase in solute was calculated assuming 90% power and alpha=0.05. Observed standard deviation of the solutes and R² from the linear regression of solutes on predictors in the fully adjusted model (Model 4) were calculated from the data.

Note: Variables measured at baseline: age, sex, race, Index of Coexisting Disease (ICED) severity score, cause of end-stage renal disease, residual kidney function (urinary stdKt/V_UREA calculated from urinary urea clearance), adjusted protein intake, g/kg/day (ABW), fat percent, and CHO percent. Variables measured at the same timepoint as solutes: body mass index (categorized as <18, 18 to 25 and >25 kg/m²), systolic blood pressure (categorized as <130, 130–160 and >160 mm Hg), albumin, relative volume removed on dialysis, and nPCR.