Fig. 3.

MyD88 promotes myoblast fusion through augmenting the expression of profusion molecules. a Primary myoblasts prepared from hind limb muscle of WT and MyD88-KO mice were transfected with empty vector or vector containing MyD88 cDNA. The cells were incubated in DM for 48 h followed by staining with anti-MyHC and DAPI. Scale bar: 50 µm. b Quantification of the percentage of myotubes containing ≥ 10 nuclei in WT and MyD88-KO cultures. N = 5 in each group. Error bars represent s.d. *p < 0.01 from WT cultures transfected with vector alone by unpaired t-test. ^# p < 0.01 from MyD88 cultures transfected with vector alone by unpaired t-test. c Primary myoblasts prepared from hind limb muscle of WT and MyD88-KO mice were incubated in DM for 48 h after which samples were processed for QRT–PCR analysis to measure relative mRNA levels of indicated profusion molecules. N = 3 in each group. *p < 0.05 from WT cultures by unpaired t-test. Primary myoblasts were prepared from hind limb muscle of WT mice and transfected with empty vector or vector containing MyD88 cDNA. Cells were then incubated in DM for 48 h and d processed for gene expression of indicated profusion molecules using QRT–PCR assay. N = 5–6, *p < 0.05 from cultures transfected with vector alone by unpaired t-test. e Protein lysates were prepared and blotted for MyoD, myogenin, MyHC, MyD88 and unrelated protein GAPDH. Vertical black line indicates that intervening lanes were spliced out