Table 4.

F‐ and p‐values from the ANCOVA analyses of the average total abundance, mean body mass, and average total biomass of the macroinvertebrate community at the start and end of the experiment, comparing only the benthic samples at the end (benthic), and comparing only the artificial plants with benthic samples within habitat treatment plots at the end (habitat)

Comparison	Treatment	Abundance		Body mass		Biomass
		F‐value	p‐Value	F‐value	p‐Value	F‐value	p‐Value
Start	temp	0.043	.844	17.53	.009	40.07	.002
	hc	0.013	.914	0.184	.686	0.638	.461
	temp:hc	0.092	.774	0.929	.379	0.145	.719
End	temp	3.322	.128	12.13	.018	61.99	<.001
	hc	31.716	.002	4.179	.096	4.367	.091
	temp:hc	0.750	.426	0.503	.510	1.076	.347
Benthic	temp	2.387	.183	12.72	.016	70.30	<.001
	hc	0.327	.592	0.087	.780	0.107	.757
	temp:hc	9.770	.026	0.097	.768	1.931	.223
Habitat	temp	1.705	.248	22.62	.005	24.37	.004
	hc	2.550	.171	0.084	.784	0.274	.623
	temp:hc	1.023	.358	1.025	.358	0.082	.786

Here, “temp” is the main effect of temperature, “hc” is the main effect of habitat complexity, and “temp:hc” is the interactive effect of the two.