Table 2.
Baseline data for clinical status, medication, and clinical assessment by physicians
| Variable | Total (n = 734) | HFrEF (n = 425) | HFmrEF (n = 187) | HFpEF (n = 122) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical status | |||||
| LVEF (%) | 36.9 (17.9) 35.0 (10.0; 401.0) n = 734 |
28.2 (6.8) 30.0 (10.0; 39.0) n = 425 |
43.0 (2.8) 42.5 (40.0; 49.0) n = 187 |
57.7 (31.7) 55.0 (50.0; 401.0) n = 122 |
<.0001 |
| NT-pro-BNP (ng/L) | 2810 (5044) 1251 (10; 70,000) n = 629 |
3255 (5345) 1559 (10; 70,000) n = 364 |
2021 (3936) 808 (37; 30,000) n = 156 |
2456 (5291) 706 (43; 35,000) n = 109 |
<.0001 |
| Sitting systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126.2 (58.2) 120.0 (54.0; 1500.0) n = 619 |
121.8 (17.8) 120.0 (54.0; 190.0) n = 341 |
126.1 (18.0) 126.0 (85.0; 180.0) n = 170 |
140.2 (133.4) 126.5 (85.0; 1500.0) n = 108 |
0.0010 |
| Heart rate (bpm) by ECG | 68.4 (12.4) 67.0 (34.0; 123.0) n = 734 |
69.8 (13.0) 68.0 (34.0; 123.0) n = 425 |
65.5 (10.7) 64.0 (43.0; 95.0) n = 187 |
68.1 (12.0) 66.0 (44.0; 103.0) n = 122 |
0.0062 |
| <60 bpm | 163 (22.2%) | 81 (19.1%) | 56 (29.9%) | 26 (21.3%) | |
| 60–70 bpm | 298 (40.6%) | 166 (39.1%) | 77 (41.2%) | 55 (45.1%) | |
| >70 bpm | 273 (37.2%) | 178 (41.9%) | 54 (28.9%) | 41 (33.6%) | 0.019 |
| LBBB | 163 (22.2%) | 111 (26.2%) | 37 (19.8%) | 15 (12.3%) | 0.0007 |
| Sinus rhythm (and not previously detected persistent or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) | 387 (52.8%) | 216 (50.9%) | 115 (61.5%) | 56 (45.9%) | 0.96 |
| Atrial fibrillation (or previously detected persistent or paroxysmal) | 322 (43.9%) | 191 (45.0%) | 66 (35.3%) | 65 (53.3%) | 0.51 |
| Chamber pacing | 149 (20.3%) | 105 (24.8%) | 26 (13.9%) | 18 (14.8%) | 0.0020 |
| NYHA (cat.) | |||||
| I–II | 538 (73.3%) | 301 (70.8%) | 150 (80.2%) | 87 (71.3%) | |
| III–IV | 196 (26.7%) | 124 (29.2%) | 37 (19.8%) | 35 (28.7%) | 0.37 |
| Medication | |||||
| Beta-blockers | 705 (96.0%) | 411 (96.7%) | 176 (94.1%) | 118 (96.7%) | 0.62 |
| RAAS (ACEI/ARB) | 707 (96.3%) | 413 (97.2%) | 180 (96.3%) | 114 (93.4%) | 0.065 |
| MRA | 407 (55.4%) | 257 (60.5%) | 93 (49.7%) | 57 (46.7%) | 0.0017 |
| Loop diuretics | 420 (57.2%) | 267 (62.8%) | 84 (44.9%) | 69 (56.6%) | 0.015 |
| Digitalis | 96 (13.1%) | 61 (14.4%) | 14 (7.5%) | 21 (17.2%) | 0.96 |
| Statin | 417 (56.8%) | 260 (61.2%) | 97 (51.9%) | 60 (49.2%) | 0.0062 |
| Ivabradine/procoralan | 21 (2.9%) | 12 (2.8%) | 8 (4.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.50 |
| Device treatments | |||||
| Conventional pacemaker | 63 (8.6%) | 29 (6.8%) | 16 (8.6%) | 18 (14.8%) | 0.0091 |
| CRT | 106 (14.4%) | 85 (20.0%) | 15 (8.0%) | 6 (4.9%) | <.0001 |
| ICD | 140 (19.1%) | 110 (25.9%) | 19 (10.2%) | 11 (9.0%) | <.0001 |
| Clinical assessment | |||||
| Physician considers patient having too low heart rate | 21 (2.9%) | 12 (2.8%) | 6 (3.2%) | 3 (2.5%) | 0.92 |
| Physician considers patient having optimal heart rate | 568 (77.4%) | 320 (75.3%) | 152 (81.3%) | 96 (78.7%) | 0.22 |
| Physician considers patient having too high heart rate | 145 (19.8%) | 93 (21.9%) | 29 (15.5%) | 23 (18.9%) | 0.22 |