Table 5. Large studies of airway stents for treatment of central airway obstruction.
| Trial/Study design/Intervention | Retrospective review | Airway stenting for benign or malignant tracheobronchial obstruction | Stent type | Outcomes | Complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seven-Year Experience with the Dumon Prosthesis (101) (N=1,058, 677 malignant), total number of stents placed 1,574 | – | – | Silicone | Not clearly defined | All complications 335/309 (21.2%); stent migration 9.5%; occlusion from secretions 3.6%; granuloma formation 7.9% |
| Airway Stenting for Malignant and Benign Tracheobronchial Stenosis (102) (N=143, 96 malignant), total number of procedures 309 | Retrospective review of cases collected in prospective patient database | Airway stenting or stent revision for benign or malignant tracheobronchial obstruction | Silicone 182 (87%), metallic 27 (13%) | 95% with symptom improvement overall | All complications 131/309 (42%); stent migration 5.2%; occlusion from secretions 27.2%; occlusion from granulation tissue 8.7%; airway perforation 1.3% |
| Outcomes of Tracheobronchial Stents in Patients with Malignant Airway Disease (103) (N=172, all malignant) | Retrospective review | Airway stenting for malignant tracheobronchial obstruction | 166 SEMS, 6 rigid metal | Not reported | All complications: 23/172 (13.3%); stent migration 2.9%; tumor ingrowth 5.2%; excessive granulation 4.1%; restenosis 1.2% |
| Respiratory Infections Increase the Risk of Granulation Tissue Formation Following Airway Stenting in Patients With Malignant Airway Obstruction (104) (N=172, all malignant) | Retrospective cohort study | Airway stenting for malignant tracheobronchial obstruction | Silicone=46, SEMS=149 | Not reported | Not reported |
Rates expressed as events per stent day: infection rates (Ultraflex: 0.00477, Aero: 0.01259, Dumon Tube: 0.00393, Y: Dumon 0.00762); migrations rates (Ultraflex: 0.00116, Aero: 0.00278, Dumon Tube: 0.00467, Dumon Y: 0); granulation rates (Ultraflex: 0.00135, Aero: 0.00328, Dumon Tube: 0.00368, Dumon Y: 0.00537); mucous plugging (Ultraflex: 0.00188, Aero: 0.00498, Dumon Tube: 0.00464, Dumon Y: 0.00373); stent fracture (Ultraflex: 0.00022, Aero: 0.000054, Dumon Tube: 0, Dumon Y: 0).