Table 4.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk factors among participants not living with diagnosed HIV by gender (men separated by sexual orientation).
| Risk factors | Women n (%) |
Heterosexual men n (%) |
Gay or bisexual men n (%) |
|
| Unaware that AIDSa is caused by a virus called HIVb (n=1396) | 55 (10.9) | 53 (14.5) | 15 (2.9) | |
| Total number of lifetime sexual partners (n=1321) | ||||
| 0-1 | 100 (20.7) | 70 (20.7) | 4 (0.8) | |
| 2-5 | 188 (38.9) | 70 (20.7) | 26 (5.2) | |
| 6-10 | 70 (14.5) | 66 (19.5) | 40 (8.0) | |
| 11-20 | 64 (13.3) | 56 (16.6) | 44 (8.8) | |
| 21-50 | 37 (7.7) | 42 (12.4) | 68 (13.6) | |
| 51-100 | 11 (2.3) | 17 (5.0) | 85 (17.0) | |
| More than 100 | 13 (2.7) | 17 (5.0) | 233 (46.6) | |
| Total number of sexual partners in the past year (n=1384) | ||||
| None | 84 (16.6) | 68 (19.0) | 20 (3.8) | |
| 1 | 314 (61.9) | 153 (42.9) | 43 (8.3) | |
| 2-10 | 98 (19.3) | 114 (31.9) | 237 (45.6) | |
| ≥11 | 11 (2.2) | 22 (6.2) | 220 (42.3) | |
| At last sex: no condom use (n=1308) | 337 (72.2) | 203 (61.5) | 182 (35.6) | |
| At last sex: no condom and nonregular partner (n=1308) | 20 (4.3) | 43 (13.0) | 88 (17.2) | |
| Previously diagnosed with an STI (n=952)c,d | 74 (23.9) | 44 (22.6) | 227 (50.8) | |
| Does not know where to access free condoms (n=1349) | 236 (48.8) | 186 (53.6) | 242 (46.7) | |
| Cannot afford condoms (n=661)e | 167 (71.7) | 112 (60.2) | 201 (83.1) | |
| Previously exchanged sex for money, food, or drugs (n=1346) | ||||
| Ever | 36 (7.4) | 22 (6.4) | 78 (15.1) | |
| n the last 12 months (n=126) | 16 (53.3) | 11 (55.0) | 37 (48.7) | |
| Previously paid for sex (n=1561) | ||||
| Ever | 3 (0.6) | 122 (36.2) | 96 (18.5) | |
| In the last 12 months (n=209) | 0 (0) | 51 (44.3) | 35 (37.6) | |
| Experienced forced sex (n=1331) | 55 (11.6) | 13 (3.8) | 51 (10.0) | |
| Previously used a needle to inject drugs (n=1396) | 13 (2.6) | 12 (3.3) | 16 (3.0) | |
| Previously shared a needle when injecting drugs (n=41) | 9 (69.2) | 6 (50.0) | 5 (31.3) | |
| Used drugs in the last 5 years—excluding cannabis (n=1388) | 64 (12.8) | 54 (14.8) | 234 (44.7) | |
| Used methamphetamine or GHBf or GBLg in last 5 years (n=1388) | 5 (1.0) | 6 (1.6) | 66 (12.6) | |
aAIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
bHIV: human immunodeficiency virus.
cSTI: sexually transmitted infection.
dDoes not include those who have never tested for HIV.
eOnly those who cannot access free condoms.
fGHB: gammahydroxybutyric acid.
gGBL: gammabutyrolactone.