Table 1.
Full Sample | More Self-Regulated | Less Self-Regulated | t-Test | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Variable Description | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Significancea |
Externalizing (4) | 15.24 | 3.42 | 14.78 | 3.14 | 17.10 | 3.87 | <.001 |
Externalizing (6) | 15.23 | 3.54 | 14.95 | 3.40 | 16.66 | 4.00 | <.001 |
Externalizing (8) | 15.31 | 3.62 | 15.08 | 3.53 | 16.59 | 4.07 | <.001 |
Externalizing (10) | 15.24 | 3.64 | 15.09 | 3.56 | 16.33 | 3.96 | <.001 |
Mother’s education | 13.00 | 2.38 | 12.78 | 2.40 | 12.00 | 2.32 | <.001 |
Female | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | ns |
Trouble soothing | 1.62 | 0.99 | |||||
Gets Upset | 1.40 | 0.85 | |||||
Demanding | 2.54 | 1.16 | |||||
Low self-regulation | 5.31 | 2.40 | |||||
PPVT | 48.61 | 18.21 | 45.85 | 18.67 | 39.91 | 17.74 | <.001 |
Alcohol | 3.78 | 4.91 | 3.52 | 4.64 | 3.44 | 4.86 | ns |
Drug use | 0.60 | 0.49 | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.50 | ns |
Harsh parenting | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.55 | 0.50 | <.05 |
Maternal work hours (4) | 15.05 | 14.57 | 14.45 | 14.00 | 13.93 | 14.47 | ns |
Maternal work hours (6) | 18.03 | 16.05 | 17.19 | 15.48 | 16.70 | 15.98 | ns |
Maternal work hours (8) | 20.94 | 17.00 | 20.53 | 16.74 | 20.26 | 17.52 | ns |
Family income (4) | 10.36 | 0.99 | 10.22 | 0.98 | 9.92 | 1.06 | <.001 |
Family income (6) | 10.45 | 1.04 | 10.33 | 0.98 | 10.00 | 1.08 | <.001 |
Family income (8) | 10.51 | 1.03 | 10.39 | 1.00 | 10.09 | 1.08 | <.001 |
Residential father (4) | 0.76 | 0.43 | 0.71 | 0.45 | 0.61 | 0.49 | <.001 |
Residential father (6) | 0.72 | 0.45 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.56 | 0.50 | <.001 |
Residential father (8) | 0.69 | 0.46 | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.54 | 0.50 | <.001 |
Stepfather (4) | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.24 | ns |
Stepfather (6) | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.28 | 0.10 | 0.29 | <.05 |
Stepfather (8) | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.10 | 0.30 | ns |
Number of children (4) | 2.30 | 1.09 | 2.40 | 1.14 | 2.39 | 1.25 | ns |
Number of children (6) | 2.35 | 1.15 | 2.48 | 1.18 | 2.42 | 1.28 | ns |
Number of children (8) | 2.39 | 1.19 | 2.52 | 1.23 | 2.39 | 1.32 | <.05 |
N | 4967 | 3643 | 1324 |
Result of a t -test comparing children who are more self-regulated with those who are less self-regulated.