. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Contemp Clin Trials. 2017 May 8;58:66–77. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.05.008

Table 1.

Newborn pulmonary function tests after in utero vitamin C to randomized smokers

	Newborns of nonsmokers (n=76)^a	Newborns of placebo treated smokers (n=83)	Newborns of vitamin C treated smokers (n=76)	Mean Difference (95% CI) (Vitamin C- Placebo) ^†	P value^†
TPTEF:TE^*	0.399 ± 0.077	0.345 ± 0.078	0.383 ± 0.084	0.036 (0.011 to 0.062)	0.006
Crs/kg^* (mL/cmH2O/kg)	1.36 ± 0.30	1.20 ± 0.24	1.32 ± 0.30	0.11 (0.02 to 0.20)	0.01
Total Crs^* (mL/cmH2O)	4.46 ± 1.10	3.92 ± 0.81	4.16 ±1.13	0.32 (0.02 to 0.62)	0.04

Abbreviations: Crs, passive respiratory compliance; TPTEF:TE, ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time;

Mean ± SD.

Nonsmokers are reference group only and not included in formal statistical analysis;

^†

Values adjusted for gestational age at randomization, birth weight, and gestational age < 37 weeks. Used by permission from McEvoy et al.¹⁶

Used by permission from McEvoy et al.¹⁶