Table 1.
The longest (median) reported heterotopic cardiac xenograft survival as a function of donor genetics and immune suppression.
| Donor | Earlier immune suppression | Costimulation blockade | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CsA/CyP/steroid | ATG/CD20/tacrolimus/sirolimus | ATG/LoCD2b/CVF/anti-CD154/MMF | ATG/anti-CD40, CD20/CVF/MMF | |
| WT | 32§ (21 d) [27] 25‡ (12 d) [28] |
n.r. | n.r. | n.r. |
| WT;hCRP | 99Δ (26 d) [29] 78∗Δ (35 d) [30] |
109∗#† (20 d) [31] 137∗#† (96 d) [32] |
139∗ (27 d) [36] | n.r. |
| GTKO | n.r. | 128† (22 d) [34] | 179 (78 d) [37] | n.r. |
| GTKO;hCRP | n.r. | 52∇† (28 d) [34] | 8¶ (8 d) 236†¶ (71 d) [5] | 149¶ (84 d) [25] |
| GTKO;hCRP;TBM | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | 945¶ (298 d) [8] |
n.r.: none reported. §Soluble CR1 to block complement activation. ‡Cobra venom factor at 0.25–0.5 mg/kg prior to surgery and 0.1–0.5 mg/kg every 1–4 days thereafter. ∗Included use of alpha-Gal polymer GAS914 [127] or Nex1285 [128]. †Immune suppression included anti-CD20 (Rituximab) B-cell depletion. ΔhDAF (human CD55) minigene [129]. ∇A murine H-2Kb regulated human CD55 transgene [77]. #hCD46 transgene based on 60 kb human genomic CD46 DNA [130]. ¶hCD46 transgene based on a human CD46 minigene [131].