Table 1.

A Conceptual Distinction Between Three Types of Intergroup Threat and Their Related Psychology

Intergroup threats	Realistic	Symbolic	Ownership
Key question asked	What do we need?	Who are we?	What do we control?
What is at stake	Resources/well-being	Worldview/identity	Gatekeeper right/entitlements
What triggers the threat	Competition/zero-sum	Cultural differences	Transgression/encroachment
Intergroup behavior, e.g.	Discrimination in resource allocation	Discrimination in prestige distribution	Property marking, social exclusion in decision making