Table 2.

Comparison of prandial (short‐) vs long‐acting GLP‐1 RAs 18

Parameters	Short‐acting GLP‐1 RAs	Long‐acting GLP‐1 RAs
Compounds	Exenatide	Albiglutide
	Lixisenatide	Dulaglutide
		Exenatide LAR
		Liraglutide
Half‐life	2–5 h	12 h–several days
Effects
Fasting blood glucose levels	Modest reduction	Strong reduction
Postprandial hyperglycaemia	Strong reduction	Modest reduction
Fasting insulin secretion	Modest stimulation	Strong stimulation
Postprandial insulin secretion	Reduction	Modest stimulation
Glucagon secretion	Reduction	Reduction
Gastric‐emptying rate	Deceleration	No effect
Blood pressure	Reduction	Reduction
Heart rate	No effect or small increase (0–2 bpm)	Moderate increase (2–5 bpm)
Body weight reduction	1–5 kg	2–5 kg
Induction of nausea	20–50%, attenuates slowly (weeks–many months)	20–40%, attenuates quickly (~4–8 weeks)

Abbreviations: GLP‐1 RA, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist; LAR, long‐acting release.