Table 3.

Arousal and valence ratings by pregnancy phase.

Phase	Arousal/valence	Group	n	Mean	SD	SE	Lower bound	Upper bound
Pregnancy	Arousal negative	MDD	27	8.60	3.28	0.63	7.30	9.89
		HEA	53	9.74	3.05	0.42	8.90	10.58
	Arousal positive	MDD	27	8.28	3.39	0.65	6.94	9.63
		HEA	53	8.73	2.84	0.39	7.95	9.51
	Arousal neutral	MDD	27	4.88	2.56	0.49	3.87	5.90
		HEA	53	5.12	2.01	0.28	4.57	5.68
	Valence negative	MDD	27	−4.12	0.93	0.18	−4.49	−3.75
		HEA	53	−4.34	1.21	0.17	−4.67	−4.00
	Valence positive	MDD	27	3.63	1.53	0.29	3.03	4.24
		HEA	53	4.29	1.39	0.19	3.91	4.68
	Valence neutral	MDD	27	0.86	0.94	0.18	0.49	1.24
		HEA	53	0.97	0.86	0.12	0.73	1.21
	Arousal positive	MDD	27	8.28	3.39	0.65	6.94	9.63
		HEA	53	8.73	2.84	0.39	7.95	9.51
Postpartum	Arousal negativea	MDD	26	7.36	4.09	0.80	5.71	9.01
		HEA	49	10.23	2.73	0.39	9.47	11.04
	Arousal positive	MDD	26	7.79	4.22	0.83	6.09	9.49
		HEA	49	8.60	2.69	0.38	7.83	9.38
	Arousal neutral	MDD	26	4.71	2.63	0.52	3.65	5.77
		HEA	49	5.12	2.12	0.30	4.51	5.73
	Valence negativea	MDD	26	−3.89	1.54	0.30	−4.51	−3.27
		HEA	49	−4.55	1.10	0.16	−4.87	−4.23
	Valence positive	MDD	26	3.55	1.92	0.38	2.78	4.33
		HEA	49	4.13	1.43	0.20	3.73	4.54
	Valence neutral	MDD	26	0.76	0.89	0.18	0.41	1.13
		HEA	49	0.92	0.87	0.12	0.67	1.17

MDD = Major Depressive Disorder.

HEA = Healthy Controls.

SD = Standard Deviation, SE = Standard Error.

^aSignificant difference between two groups at p < 0.05.