Table 2.
CSF Cellular Immune Abnormalities in Key Pediatric- and Adult-onset Neuroinflammatory Disorders (Relative Proportion/%)
| Disease/ref | B Cells | PB | PC | T Cells | NK | DC | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| N | CD19 | CD5 | CD27 | CD4 | CD8 | NKT | γδ-T | |||||
| RR-MS†28 | 51 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔/↑ | ↔ | ↔ | |
| PP-MS28 | 61 | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ||||
| SP-MS28 | 30 | ↑ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | ||||
| *pMS76 | 25 | ↑ | ↑ | |||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| NMO82 | X | ? | ↑ | ↑ | ||||||||
| *pNMO77 | 1 | ↑ | ||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| PNS/Hu‡74,75 | 11 | ↑ | ↔ | ↔ | ↓ | ↔ | ||||||
| PCD80 | 1 | ↑ | ||||||||||
| *pOMS81,84 | 36 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | (↑) | (↓) | ↔ | ↔ | ↑/↔ | ↔ | ||
|
| ||||||||||||
| ADEM | ? | |||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| AE | ? | |||||||||||
| *pAE78 | 2 | ↑ | ||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| NPSLE | ? | |||||||||||
| *pNPSLE79 | 1 | ↑ | (↓) | ↔ | ↔ | ↑ | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| RE86 | 17 | ? | ↑ | ↑ | ||||||||
Abbreviations: PB = plasmablasts; PC = plasma cells; NKT = natural killer cell-like T cells; γδ T cells = TCR-gamma/delta cells; NK = natural killer cells; RR-MS = relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; PP-MS = primary progressive MS; NMO = neuromyelitis optica; PNS = paraneoplastic syndrome; Hu = anti-Hu syndrome or anti-ANNA1; PCD = paraneopastic cerebellar degeneration; OMS = opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome; ADEM = acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; AE = anti-NMDAR encephalitis; NPSLE = neuropsychiatric lupus; RE = Rasmussen encephalitis
Frequency arrows: ↑ = increased above non-inflammatory disorder controls; ↓ = decreased; ↔ = not different than controls; ? = not reported’
RR MS: absolute counts in RR-MS were elevated for B cells and T cells (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+).28
Absolute CSF counts in anti-Hu were elevated for B cells, memory B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells Prefatory p = pediatric-onset disorder Anti-Hu: increased absolute counts of CSF DC.75