Table 1.
Highest-Ranked Prognostic Factors for Future Firearm Violence
| Prognostic Factor | Response Type* | Importance Rank | Timeframe | Odds Ratio (95% CI)† | Standardized Odds Ratio‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Received threats | |||||
| Someone pulled a gun on you | Frequency (0–6) | 1 | 6 mo | 2.44 (1.89–3.20) | 2.90 |
| Someone used a gun on you | Frequency (0–6) | 2 | 6 mo | 3.31 (1.98–5.52) | 2.22 |
| Someone pulled a knife on you | Frequency (0–6) | 6 | 6 mo | 1.89 (1.40–2.54) | 1.81 |
| Someone shot you | Frequency (0–6) | 9 | 6 mo | 2.92 (1.69–5.06) | 1.73 |
| Someone threw something at you | Frequency (0–6) | 12 | 6 mo | 1.58 (1.21–2.07) | 1.58 |
| Someone cut/stabbed you | Frequency (0–6) | 14 | 6 mo | 2.22 (1.47–3.34) | 1.73 |
| Community | |||||
| I have seen someone shot | Frequency (0–3) | 3 | 6 mo | 1.87 (1.44–2.42) | 1.78 |
| I have heard guns shot | Frequency (0–3) | 5 | 6 mo | 1.55 (1.27–1.90) | 1.61 |
| Seen gangs in neighborhood | Frequency (0–3) | 18 | 6 mo | 1.31 (1.11–1.55) | 1.40 |
| My house was broken into | Frequency (0–3) | 20 | 6 mo | 1.70 (1.23–2.34) | 1.45 |
| Friends | |||||
| My friends carry weapons | Number (1–5) | 10 | Current | 1.56 (1.26–1.92) | 1.62 |
| My friends smoke marijuana | Number (1–5) | 15 | Current | 1.27 (1.07–1.50) | 1.34 |
| Friend legal trouble (drug-related) | Number (1–5) | 17 | Current | 1.63 (1.25–2.12) | 1.53 |
| Partner violence | |||||
| Partner used a knife on you | Frequency (0–6) | 13 | 6 mo | 3.46 (1.46–8.24) | 2.37 |
| Fighting | |||||
| Been in a serious fight | Frequency (0–6) | 4 | 6 mo | 1.46 (1.25–1.71) | 1.76 |
| Put someone in the hospital | Frequency (0–6) | 7 | 6 mo | 1.71 (1.35–2.16) | 1.85 |
| Drank before fighting | Frequency (0–6) | 8 | 6 mo | 1.78 (1.33–2.38) | 1.72 |
| Other | |||||
| Understand another’s point of view | Agree (1–5) | 11 | 6 mo | 1.38 (1.16–1.64) | 1.49 |
| Today’s ED visit for violent injury | Yes/no | 16 | Current | 1.89 (1.23–2.89) | NA |
| Unable to stop drinking | Frequency (0–4) | 19 | 6 mo | 1.56 (1.10–2.20) | 1.39 |
ED = emergency department; NA = not available.
*
Frequency (0–6) measures frequency on a 7-point scale from 0 (never) to 6 (20+ times). Frequency (0–3) measures frequency on a 7-point scale from 0 (never) to 3 (many times). Frequency (0–4) measures frequency on a 5-point scale from 0 (never) to 4 (daily). Number (1–5) measures frequency on a 5-point scale from 1 (none) to 5 (all). Agree (1–5) measures agreement on a 5-point scale from 1 (very true) to 5 (not true). Yes/no denotes a binary (1/0) indicator.
†
CIs with lower bounds of 1.00 are entirely above 1.00.
‡
Standardized odds ratios were those obtained by using the standardized predictors.