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. 2017 Nov 21;7:15964. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16297-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Functional echocardiographic measurements of the heart in conscious birds placed in supine position under tonic immobility. Bantam chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus, Ggd) were used for comparison with the Ornate Tinamou (Nothoprocta ornata, No). (a) Left ventricular wall thickness normalized to the diameter of the heart (LWT:Ø_h) from a parasternal echocardiographic plane in which the right ventricular free wall is incipient but without a visible right ventricular chamber (see Material and Methods for details). (b) Fractional Shortening (%) of the cardiac muscle at the same plane. (c) Heart rate estimated from the time between subsequent peak systolic events in M-mode echo. All data presented as mean and 95% confidence intervals with individual data points shown (N = 5 for Ggd and N = 8 for No). Due to small sample size and an assumed lack of normality and homocedasticity of the data, permutation tests were used to test for differences between species using StatBoss (see Material and Methods for further details). No significant differences were found.