Table 3.
Generalised linear mixed model for Mamestra brassicae performance on single or double species‐induced plants.
| M. brassicae performance | Time (1) | Species (2) | Block (3) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d.f. | F | P | d.f. | F | P | d.f. | F | P | |
| M. brassicae performance; single herbivory | 2 | 0.56 | 0.573 | 1 | 4.49 | 0.035 | 1 | 91.43 | < 0.001 |
| M. brassicae performance; double herbivory | 2 | 3.93 | 0.028 | 1 | 2.46 | 0.125 | 1 | 37.54 | < 0.001 |
| 1 × 2 | 1 × 3 | 2 × 3 | 1 × 2 × 3 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d.f. | F | P | d.f. | F | P | d.f. | F | P | d.f. | F | P | |
| M. brassicae performance; single herbivory | 2 | 0.12 | 0.890 | 2 | 1.41 | 0.247 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.839 | 2 | 1.64 | 0.196 |
| M. brassicae performance; double herbivory | 1 | 0.48 | 0.491 | 2 | 0.75 | 0.482 | 1 | 0.86 | 0.359 | 1 | 1.75 | 0.195 |
Difference in M. brassicae performance after feeding on plants induced by different herbivory treatments: linear mixed model, with plant identity as random factor included in the model. Factors were tested as follows: when M. brassicae was feeding on plants with single herbivores only (A, oA, oooA, C, oC, oooC), effects of time herbivores spent on the plant (5d, 4d or 2d), species (aphids or caterpillars), blocks, and all interactions were tested; when M. brassicae was feeding on plants with double herbivory only (B, AC, AooC, CA, CooA), effects of arrival time between herbivore arrivals (0, 1, or 3 d), species order of arrival (aphids first or caterpillars first), blocks, and all interactions were tested. Numbers in bold indicate significant effects (α = 0.05).