Table 3.

Number of papers on Huangqi (Astragalus membranaceus) regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase activity in different states of MΦ.

Sample type	On resting MΦ	On LPS-activated MΦ	On resting and LPS-activated MΦ	On LPS-activated immune compromised MΦ
Polysaccharides	6 [43, 45–49]	2 [29–30]	1 [41]
Saponins	1 [44]	1 [33]
Total flavonoids		1 [32]
Extracts		8 [31, 34–40]
Polysaccharides and saponins			1 [42]
Injection				1 [50]

Note. On resting MΦ: effects of Huangqi on resting MΦ; On LPS-activated MΦ: effects of Huangqi on MΦ after LPS activation; On resting and LPS-activated MΦ: effects of Huangqi on resting MΦ and LPS-activated MΦ; On LPS-activated immune compromised MΦ: effects of Huangqi on immune compromised MΦ after LPS activation; MΦ: macrophages; LPS: lipopolysaccharide.