TABLE 1.

Population characteristics¹

	Anodal tDCS		Sham tDCS
	Male (n = 6)	Female (n = 7)	Male (n = 6)	Female (n = 10)
Race, n
Asian	1	0	0	0
Hispanic	2	3	0	0
African American	0	0	2	2
Native American	1	4	3	7
White	1	0	0	1
Mixed	12	0	13	0
Age, y	43.9 ± 5.63	32.8 ± 9.33	32.7 ± 12.0	32.8 ± 9.33
Weight at admission, kg	110 ± 14.2	106 ± 17.5	122 ± 15.3	106 ± 17.5
Weight measured by DXA, kg
At admission	110 ± 13.8	105 ± 17.6	121 ± 15.6	102 ± 25.3
At last visit	105 ± 15.2	107 ± 20.5	128 ± 9.68	102 ± 25.3
BMI, kg/m2
At admission	35.2 ± 3.89	42.5 ± 7.98	39.9 ± 4.88	38.1 ± 9.98
At inpatient assessment	34.9 ± 3.59	41.9 ± 7.88	39.4 ± 4.89	37.7 ± 9.83
At last visit	33.6 ± 2.74	42.9 ± 9.38	41.3 ± 2.50	38.0 ± 9.93
Body fat, %
At admission	33.2 ± 4.05	42.8 ± 3.54	33.9 ± 2.72	53.9 ± 31.4
At last visit	34.6 ± 2.49	42.0 ± 4.03	35.5 ± 1.79	43.4 ± 3.68
Fat mass, kg
At admission	36.4 ± 5.61	45.2 ± 9.35	41.3 ± 7.66	48.1 ± 20.2
At last visit	36.0 ± 3.55	45.1 ± 10.6	45.6 ± 5.20	44.8 ± 13.7
Fat-free mass, kg
At admission	73.7 ± 11.2	59.8 ± 9.45	79.8 ± 8.69	53.3 ± 7.98
At last visit	68.8 ± 12.3	61.9 ± 11.5	82.7 ± 5.17	57.3 ± 12.2
Plasma glucose, mg/dL
Fasting	98.7 ± 13.2	96.5 ± 5.18	97.2 ± 6.20	95.7 ± 7.46
2-h OGTT	120 ± 47.6	135 ± 35.1	142 ± 29.7	131 ± 20.7

¹Values are means ± SDs, unless otherwise indicated. Weight at admission was measured on entrance to the study. DXA, used to estimate body composition and calculate body weight, was performed on day 2 of the inpatient assessment (at admission) and at the last outpatient visit (at last visit). Plasma glucose concentrations were measured with an OGTT on day 4. No differences regarding population characteristics were found between the tDCS subgroups (all P > 0.05). DXA, dual X-ray absorptiometry; OGTT, oral-glucose-tolerance test; tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation.

²Participant had both Native American and Hispanic ethnicity.

³Participant was of both African American and white race.