Figure 4.

Phylogenetic relationships of eubacteria and eukaryotes rooted with archaebacteria. Neighbor-joining bootstrap consensus trees showing significant (≥ 95%) bootstrap values; maximum-likelihood and maximum parsimony produced identical topologies for significant nodes. (A) Cytoplasmic alanyl tRNA synthetase, showing BK-o pattern: eukaryotes most closely related to eubacteria but not closely related to the α-proteobacterium (Rickettsia). (B) Combined analysis of all proteins with full complement (11 species) of eubacterial taxa and showing eubacterial-eukaryote relationship (11 proteins, 1596 amino acids); significant groups remain after removal of cytoplasmic alanyl tRNA synthetase.