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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Neurol. 2017 Jul 30;24(10):1266–1273. doi: 10.1111/ene.13358

TABLE 4.

Multivariable Association Between Multivitamin Use and Total Stroke Incidence, Stratified by Key Risk Factors

Multivitamin User
Risk Factors Cases Nonuser Cases Past User Cases Current User P-interaction
Age 0.02
< 60 years 314 1.0 120 1.01 (0.80, 1.26) 218 0.86 (0.71, 1.03)
≥ 60 years 611 1.0 611 1.05 (0.93, 1.18) 1741 1.06 (0.96, 1.17)
Hypertension 0.56
No 355 1.0 222 1.01 (0.85, 1.21) 582 1.00 (0.86, 1.15)
Yes 570 1.0 509 1.04 (0.92, 1.19) 1377 1.04 (0.93, 1.16)
Diabetes 0.02
No 757 1.0 566 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) 1618 1.02 (0.92, 1.12)
Yes 168 1.0 165 1.23 (0.97, 1.57) 341 1.05 (0.85, 1.31)
Smoking 0.14
Never 320 1.0 289 1.11 (0.93, 1.31) 804 1.05 (0.91, 1.21)
Former 314 1.0 301 1.03 (0.87, 1.21) 877 1.06 (0.92, 1.23)
Current 291 1.0 141 1.01 (0.81, 1.26) 278 0.88 (0.73, 1.06)
aHEI 0.42
< 25th Percentile 228 1.0 173 1.05 (0.85, 1.30) 376 0.95 (0.80, 1.15)
≥ 25th Percentile 697 1.0 558 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) 1583 1.03 (0.93, 1.13)
Folate intake 0.71
< 25th Percentile 387 1.0 113 0.97 (0.79, 1.20) 252 0.95 (0.79, 1.14)
≥ 25th Percentile 538 1.0 598 1.07 (0.95, 1.21) 1707 1.05 (0.94, 1.17)
Fruit & vegetable intake 0.30
< 3 servings/day 343 1.0 140 1.04 (0.92, 1.17) 280 1.06 (0.96, 1.17)
≥ 3 servings/day 583 1.0 591 1.05 (0.84, 1.31) 1679 0.89 (0.74, 1.07)
Strokes occurring 0.18
On/before 1994 531 1.0 231 1.02 (0.86, 1.20) 423 0.95 (0.83, 1.09)
After 1994 394 1.0 500 1.04 (0.91, 1.20) 1536 1.04 (0.93, 1.17)

Cases=number of stroke events

aHEI = Alternative Healthy Eating Index

Models are adjusted for age, follow-up cycle, total calories, smoking, BMI, parental history of heart disease, alcohol intake, physical activity, aspirin and post, menopausal therapy use, Alternate Healthy Eating Index, history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes.