Table 1.
Selected general characteristics and comorbidities of study participants according to the incidence of sarcopenia
| Incidence of sarcopenia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Total sample (n = 394) | No (n = 336) | Yes (n = 58) | P‐value |
| Age, mean ± SD | 79.6 ± 6.4 | 79.2 ± 6.2 | 82.0 ± 7.2 | 0.002 |
| Female, n (%) | 211 (53.6) | 182 (54.2) | 29 (50.0) | 0.32 |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 27.2 ± 4.9 | 27.6 ± 4.9 | 25.0 ± 3.8 | <0.001 |
| Emergency admission, n (%) | 256 (65.1) | 211 (63.0) | 45 (77.6) | 0.02 |
| ADL score, mean ± SD | 1.3 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 1.7 | 2.1 ± 2.3 | 0.001 |
| Severe ADL disability, n (%) | 87 (22.1) | 65 (19.3) | 22 (37.9) | 0.02 |
| GDS, mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 3.6 | 4.9 ± 3.6 | 4.5 ± 3.5 | 0.45 |
| SPMSQ, mean ± SD | 2.3 ± 2.9 | 2.1 ± 2.0 | 3.3 ± 2.9 | <0.001 |
| Number of drugs, mean ± SD | 6.0 ± 3.0 | 6.0 ± 3.0 | 6.0 ± 2.7 | 0.920 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD | 3.1 ± 2.3 | 3.1 ± 2.3 | 3.0 ± 2.1 | 0.63 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 294 (74.6) | 256 (76.2) | 38 (65.5) | 0.06 |
| CHD, n (%) | 104 (26.4) | 86 (25.6) | 18 (31.0) | 0.23 |
| CHF, n (%) | 56 (14.2) | 46 (13.7) | 10 (17.2) | 0.29 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 126 (32.0) | 114 (33.9) | 12 (20.7) | 0.03 |
| COPD, n (%) | 99 (25.1) | 82 (24.4) | 17 (29.3) | 0.26 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 41 (10.4) | 35 (10.4) | 6 (10.3) | 0.61 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 51 (12.9) | 41 (12.2) | 10 (17.2) | 0.19 |
| Serum albumin, mean ± SD | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 0.29 |
| Haemoglobin, mean ± SD | 11.9 ± 2.2 | 11.9 ± 2.2 | 11.9 ± 2.1 | 0.79 |
| Length of hospital stay (days), mean ± SD | 10.2 ± 8.1 | 9.9 ± 7.6 | 12.1 ± 10.3 | 0.05 |
| Length of bed rest (days), mean ± SD | 3.5 ± 5.6 | 3.2 ± 5.3 | 5.1 ± 6.7 | 0.02 |
| Days of fasting, mean ± SD | 0.3 ± 0.9 | 0.3 ± 0.8 | 0.5 ± 1.5 | 0.09 |
| SMI at admission (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 8.9 ± 1.8 | 9.0 ± 1.8 | 8.4 ± 1.5 | 0.01 |
CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SMI, skeletal muscle index.