Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by trial arm of participants who subsequently became pregnant or remained non-pregnant during follow-up
| Variable | Pregnant cohort | Non-pregnant cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na | Iron | Control | Na | Iron | Control | |
| N = 258 | N = 220 | N = 766 | N = 783 | |||
| Sociodemographic | ||||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 478 | 17.1 (1.7) | 17.1 (1.7) | 1549 | 16.7 (1.7) | 16.7 (1.8) |
| Ethnic group, n (%) | ||||||
| Mossi | 478 | 250 (96.9) | 214 (97.3) | 1548 | 730 (95.3) | 757 (96.8) |
| Other | 478 | 8 (3.1) | 6 (2.7) | 1548 | 36 (4.7) | 25 (3.2) |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 478 | 22 (8.5) | 15 (6.8) | 1544 | 17 (2.2) | 18 (2.3) |
| Never married | 478 | 236 (91.5) | 204 (92.7) | 1544 | 748 (97.8) | 760 (97.6) |
| Previously married | 478 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 1544 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) |
| Occupation,b n (%) | ||||||
| Student | 478 | 60 (23.3) | 51 (23.2) | 1549 | 255 (33.3) | 274 (35.0) |
| Trading | 478 | 10 (3.9) | 10 (4.5) | 1549 | 24 (3.1) | 21 (2.7) |
| Domestic labour | 478 | 154 (59.7) | 120 (54.5) | 1549 | 401 (52.3) | 407 (52.0) |
| Farming | 478 | 130 (50.4) | 101 (45.9) | 1549 | 269 (35.1) | 290 (37.0) |
| Other | 478 | 3 (1.2) | 3 (1.4) | 1549 | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) |
| Education, n (%) | ||||||
| No schooling | 477 | 176 (68.5) | 142 (64.5) | 1544 | 447 (58.6) | 450 (57.6) |
| Primary | 478 | 54 (20.9) | 38 (17.3) | 1549 | 168 (21.9) | 169 (21.6) |
| Lower secondary | 477 | 24 (9.3) | 38 (17.3) | 1544 | 144 (18.9) | 153 (19.6) |
| Higher secondary | 477 | 3 (1.2) | 2 (0.9) | 1544 | 4 (0.5) | 9 (1.2) |
| Literate, n (%) | 473 | 68 (26.7) | 62 (28.4) | 1530 | 278 (36.8) | 297 (38.4) |
| Reproductive history and infections, n (%) | ||||||
| Menarcheal | 478 | 241 (93.4) | 203 (92.3) | 1549 | 639 (83.4) | 645 (82.4) |
| Menarche age, mean (SD) | 443 | 14.9 (1.0) | 14.8 (1.1) | 1279 | 15 (1.0) | 15.1 (1.1) |
| Ever had sex | 478 | 98 (38) | 82 (37.3) | 1548 | 159 (20.8) | 164 (21.0) |
| Uses contraception | 478 | 54 (20.9) | 51 (23.2) | 1549 | 106 (13.8) | 86 (11.0) |
| Uses condoms | 478 | 53 (20.5) | 50 (22.7) | 1549 | 103 (13.4) | 81 (10.3) |
| Nugent 7–10 | 391 | 33 (15.7) | 23 (12.7) | 1247 | 80 (13.0) | 68 (10.8) |
| Nugent 4–6 | 391 | 17 (8.1) | 11 (6.1) | 1247 | 49 (8.0) | 66 (10.5) |
| Nugent 0–3 | 391 | 160 (76.2) | 147 (81.2) | 1247 | 487 (79.1) | 497 (78.8) |
| Vaginal discharge | 478 | 3 (1.2) | 4 (1.8) | 1549 | 13 (1.7) | 12 (1.5) |
| Vaginal pH ≥ 4.5 | 394 | 119 (55.9) | 84 (46.4) | 1280 | 317 (50.3) | 328 (50.5) |
| Nutrition and iron biomarkers, n (%) | ||||||
| Drinks alcohol | 476 | 140 (54.5) | 119 (54.3) | 1549 | 372 (48.6) | 380 (48.5) |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 478 | 20.2 (1.8) | 20.3 (2.1) | 1549 | 19.7 (2.2) | 19.6 (2.2) |
| MUAC, cm, mean (SD) | 478 | 24.1 (1.8) | 24.3 (2.2) | 1549 | 23.6 (2.1) | 23.6 (2.2) |
| Iron deficient (adjFE) | 467 | 25 (10.0) | 26 (12.0) | 1528 | 84 (11.1) | 100 (13.0) |
| Iron deficient (ratio sTfR/log ferritin) | 470 | 52 (20.6) | 55 (25.3) | 1524 | 162 (21.4) | 168 (21.9) |
| Adherence to treatment | ||||||
| DOT,c mean (SD) | 478 | 70.3 (27.0) | 71.4 (26.0) | 1549 | 70.0 (27.8) | 70.8 (26.3) |
aTotal responders
bMore than one response allowed
cNumber of directly observed treatments as a percentage of the number of weeks from enrolment to assessment
adjFE adjusted ferritin, BMI body mass index, DOT directly observed treatment, MUAC mid-upper arm circumference, SD standard deviation, sTfR serum transferrin receptor